Vol 12, No 1 (2017)

Cover Page

Full Issue

HEMATOLOGIC MALIGNANCIES: DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT, SUPPORTIVE CARE

Primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the central nervous system (case report and literature review)

Komratova K.A., Abugova Y.G., Ozerov S.S., Abramov D.S., Tereshchenko G.V., Myakova N.V.

Abstract

The central nervous system (CNS) involvement in patients with non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas is not uncommon, especially in children with mature B-cells lymphomas, unlike the primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL). PCNSL is a rare extranodal form of NHL that occurs only in the CNS – in the brain, spinal cord, meninges, in the eyes, and not extending beyond CNS. Its frequency in adults is 1–2 % of lymphomas and 5 % of all CNS tumors. Data on prevalence in childhood are not available, limited to some case reports. This article presents a literature review about PCNSL diagnosis and treatment and case report of such lymphoma with intraspinal lesion in 11 years old child.
Oncohematology. 2017;12(1):10-16
pages 10-16 views
PDF
(Rus)
JATS XML
(JATS XML)

Adoptitive immunotherapy with genetically engineered T lymphocytes modified to express chimeric antigen receptors

Pavlova A.А., Maschan M.А., Ponomarev V.B.

Abstract

Significant mortality due to oncological diseases as a whole, and oncohematological diseases in particular, motivates scientific and medical community to develop new treatment methods. One of the newest methods is adoptive cell therapy using patient’s own T-cells modified to express chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) to tumor-specific antigens. Despite high cost and side effects of treatment, promising clinical trials even in patients with advanced disease allow to anticipate successful use of this method in clinical practice.
The article includes a review of the main principles of this technique, published results of clinical studies of CAR T-cells with a focus on CD19 gene targeting, complications of this therapy, mechanisms of tumor resistance to CAR T-cells, and potential ways to overcome it.

Oncohematology. 2017;12(1):17-32
pages 17-32 views
PDF
(Rus)
JATS XML
(JATS XML)

How to use ibrutinib

Nikitin Е.А., Vorobiev V.I., Panteleev М.А., Gendlin G.E., Ptushkin V.V.

Abstract

The emergence of new targeted drugs, affecting B-cell receptor signaling pathway opens a new page in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). It is not simply expanding choice, it will likely to change total strategy of CLL management. Clinical trials have shown improvement of overall survival in CLL patients in both first line and relapsed disease settings. Targeted drugs lack typical complications of chemotherapy, such as myelosupression. However, they have their specific side effects that require particular attention to avoid unjustified dose reduction and treatment cessation. The present review focuses on practical use of ibrutinib, the first inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosinkinase.
Oncohematology. 2017;12(1):33-43
pages 33-43 views
PDF
(Rus)
JATS XML
(JATS XML)

Clinical, laboratory, and morphological characteristics of kidney damage in lymphoproliferative disorders

Dzhumabaeva B.T., Biryukova L.S., Varshavsky V.A., Mar’ina S.A., Roshchina L.S., Julhakyan U.L., Stolyarevich E.S.

Abstract

Oncohematology. 2017;12(1):44-54
pages 44-54 views
PDF
(Rus)
JATS XML
(JATS XML)

BASIC RESEARCH

Immunophenotypic features of bone marrow tumor cell in Burkitt lymphoma/leukemia: B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia diagnostics opportunities

Demina I.A., Verzhbitskaya T.Y., Kashpor S.A., Plyasunova S.A., Dubrovina M.E., Fechina L.G., Myakova N.V., Samochatova E.V., Maschan A.A., Popov A.M.

Abstract

Bone marrow tumor blasts immunophenotyping is an essential part of Burkitt lymphoma/leukemia (BL) and B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL) differential diagnostics. Nevertheless immunoglobulin heavy and light chains detection on the cell surface could meet several biological and methodological pitfals. Thus the aim of the present study was development of additional BL immunophenotypic criteria. Leukemic blasts antigen profile in 21 BL cases and 84 children with BCP-ALL was compared in a retrospective way. Antigen expression patterns in BL and BCP-ALL were significantly different. It was shown that even in cases with weak immunoglobulin M expression these two tumor types could be distinguished well by complex immunophenotype analysis. In present study all cases of CD34-negative B-lineage ALL without myeloid coexpression and with high CD20-positive cells proportion belonged to BL.
Oncohematology. 2017;12(1):55-61
pages 55-61 views
PDF
(Rus)
JATS XML
(JATS XML)

Physiology and pathology of extracellular vesicules

Panteleev M.A., Abaeva A.A., Nechipurenko D.Y., Obydenniy S.I., Sveshnikova A.N., Shibeko A.M.

Abstract

This year marks the 50th anniversary of the first publication about blood plasma microparticles. Initially considered as cell fragments or “platelet dust”, extracellular vesicles currently attracted the attention of biochemists, biophysicists, physicians, pharmacists around the world. They are heterogeneous in structure and derived from many cell types, express different antigen and contain variety of biomolecules that determines wide range of biological activity, including procoagulant, regenerative, immunomodulating, and others. They play an important role in the pathophysiology of different diseases and conditions – from infarction, injuries and pregnancies to the “graft versus host” disease. The vesicles as medicaments and their carriers, as well as the drugs that affect them, are a rapidly developing field of research.
Oncohematology. 2017;12(1):62-70
pages 62-70 views
PDF
(Rus)
JATS XML
(JATS XML)

Determination of morphology and immunophenotype of circulating lymphoma cells in patients with splenic marginal zone lymphoma using an anti-CD antibody microarray

Khvastunova A.N., Al-Radi L.S., Fedyanina O.S., Julhakyan U.L., Kapranov N.M., Zakirova A.O., Lugovskaya S.A., Naumova E.V., Ataullakhanov F.I., Kuznetsova S.A.

Abstract

We have studied the morphology and immunophenotype of circulating tumor cells isolated from peripheral blood of 22 patients with splenic marginal zone lymphoma and show that both of them are highly heterogeneous. Using a cell-binding microarray we have demonstrated that the circulating lymphoma cells are positive for CD19 (100 %), CD20 (100 %), CD22 (100 %), surface IgM (73 %), CD38 (23 %), CD5 (9 %), CD11c (36 %), CD103 (5 %), CD25 (32 %), CD23 (23 %) and these immunophenotypes are confirmed in all cases by flow cytometry.
Higher surface density of lymphocyte binding onto anti-CD antibody microarray spots compared to blood smears permits to find circulating lymphoma cells even in leukopenic patients.

Oncohematology. 2017;12(1):71-77
pages 71-77 views
PDF
(Rus)
JATS XML
(JATS XML)

RARE DISEASES: DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

Differential diagnosis of thrombocytopenes

Melikyan A.L., Pustovaya E.I., Egorova E.K., Kalinina M.V., Kolosheynova T.I., Subortseva I.N., Gilyazitdinova E.A., Dvirnyk V.N.

Abstract

The article presents a systematic diagnostic approach for thrombocytopenia, as well as the results of practical implementation of thrombocytopenia diagnostic protocol in adult patients. Among 183 patients first admitted to HRC with unspecified origin thrombocytopenia, primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) was established only in 48 % of patients, while in 52 % of cases it was a symptom of another pathology (the ratio was 1 : 1). As a result of re-examination of 118 relapse patients with long-term history of ITP diagnosis was confirmed in 85 % of cases, in 15 % the diagnosis has been changed to a different nosology.
The results show that to establish the true causes of thrombocytopenia is necessary to conduct an extensive diagnostic search according to presented protocol.
Differential diagnosis between primary immune and secondary thrombocytopenia should be carried out not only in the onset of the disease, but also in the relapse of an earlier established ITP.

Oncohematology. 2017;12(1):78-87
pages 78-87 views
PDF
(Rus)
JATS XML
(JATS XML)