Advances in the treatment of children with hematological and oncological diseases have led to accumulation of disabled children with severe organic and functional disorders that require the development of medical, neurocognitive, physical and psycho-social rehabilitation of these patients. On the basis of literature and own data about late effects and long-term results of treatment the concept of multidisciplinary rehabilitation, providing individual development, rehabilitation, education and social adaptation of sick children has been formulated.

Efficacy and safety results of rituximab and bendamustine combination (Scheme BR) in patients with relapsed and refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) are presented. From 01.2012 to 04.2013, the treatment was initiated in 43 patients (21 with relapses are sensitive to the last line of therapy; 22 – with refractory CLL). Median age at start of therapy was 63.5 years (range from 43 to 81 years). In 40 patients response was evaluated according to NCI-WG criteria (1996). Complete remission (CR) is documented in 5 (12.5 %) cases, partial (PR) or nodular partial remission (nPR) in 17 (42.5 %) cases. MRD-negative CR was achieved in 1 (20.0 %) of 5 patients with CR. With 23.5 months of median follow-up for surviving patients 2-year progression-free survival (PFS) was 47.2 ± 8.5 % (median – 18.5 months), overall survival (OS) – 66.9 ± 7.9 % (median not achieved). Hematological toxicity Grade 3–4 occurred in 15 (34.9 %) cases, same degree infectious complications
in 5 (11.6 %) cases. Patients received 3 or more therapy lines before this treatment (37.5 ± 16.1 % against 74.7 ± 8.3 %; p = 0.016), with «bulky disease» more than 10 cm (0.0 % vs. 75.4 ± 7.5 %; p < 0.001) and received rituximab in combination with chemotherapy in the previous lines, compared to the «naive» cases (44.1 ± 10.5 % against 92.9 ± 6.9 %; p = 0.009) have significantly worsened 2-year OS.

The paper presents an assessment of treatment efficacy in chronic lymphocytic leukemia CLL patients according to chemotherapy type and initial renal function. The high efficacy of chemotherapy with fludarabine in CLL patients with or without renal failure at diagnosis was revealed. However, regardless of chemotherapy type initial treatment response was worse in patients with renal failure.

Hematopoietic stem cells transplantation (HSCT) technology currently allows curing a lot of malignant and non-malignant diseases in adults and children. However, HSCT is highly toxic treatment. HSCT complications include the possibility of prolonged immunodeficiency, alloand autoimmune reactions and various organs dysfunction. These conditions require careful monitoring by specialists, early diagnosis and appropriate treatment. This article discusses the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment options of such late complications as non-infectious lung disease. These conditions can lead to disability of patients. Relevance and importance of timely diagnosis of these pathological conditions, including the range of clinical tests available on a residence, with a view to effective treatment can improve the quality of life of
children with complications after HSCT. Theoretical issues are illustrated by case report.

We describe an application of a cell-binding microarray – to parallel study of morphology, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity and detection of surface markers on peripheral blood lymphocytes of 90  atients with suspected hairy cell leukemia (HCL). We have formulated the microarray-based diagnostic criteria for hairy cell leukemia, hairy cell leukemia variant (HCLv) and splenic marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL). According to these criteria we have suggested the presence of HCL for 55 patients, HCLv – for 7 patients and SMZL – for 10 patients from the studied cohort. These diagnoses were confirmed by standard diagnostic methods in all cases. These results show that the cellbinding microarray can be used in differential diagnosis of HCL, while the high sensitivity of the microarray permits to detect the leukemic cells in spite of leukopenia and low hairy cell content.

Acquired neutropenia is one of the most common conditions in pediatric hematology practice. These conditions usually are benign. In contrast, congenital neutropenia are rare conditions, but in the absence of pathogenic therapy can cause fatal complications. Approach to the differential diagnosis and management of these patients are discussed in this review.