Иммунофенотипическая характеристика острого лимфобластного лейкоза у детей первого года жизни

Цель исследования – описание иммунофенотипа острого лимфобластного лейкоза (ОЛЛ) у детей первого года жизни. В исследование было включено 64 пациента (29 мальчиков и 35 девочек) с острым лейкозом (ОЛ) в возрасте от 0 до 11 месяцев включительно. Частота выявления ОЛЛ составила 67,19 % от всех ОЛ у детей первого года жизни, что было несколько реже, чем у детей более старшего возраста (87,69 %). В исследуемой группе преобладал BI-ОЛЛ (60,46 %), на долю же наиболее частого в других возрастных группах BII-ОЛЛ приходилось лишь 30,23 %. Отсутствие экспрессии CD10 и CD20, а также высокая экспрессия CD45, CD15, CD65 и NG2 характеризовали иммунофенотип опухолевых клеток при наличии перестроек гена MLL. Диагностическая эффективность выявления экспрессии NG2 для прогнозирования наличия перестроек гена MLL оказалась наиболее высокой. Экспрессия CD34 и CD65 была более характерна для пациентов с наличием MLL-AF4(+). Таким образом, иммунофенотип ОЛЛ из В-линейных предшественников у детей младше 1 года существенно различается в зависимости от наличия или отсутствия перестроек гена MLL. Экспрессия NG2, CD45, CD133, CD15, а также отсутствие экспрессии CD10, CD20 позволяют прогнозировать наличие какой-либо перестройки гена MLL при ОЛЛ у детей первого года жизни, при этом наибольшей диагностической эффективностью обладает наличие экспрессии NG2.

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