Разработка ex vivo-модели и оценка химиочувствительности бластных клеток в индивидуализации терапии острых миелоидных лейкозов

Несмотря на постоянные попытки совершенствования терапии, исходы острых миелоидных лейкозов остаются практически неизменными уже на протяжении нескольких десятилетий. Пока не оправдывают надежд на изменение ситуации даже перспективные препараты, создаваемые с учетом более глубокого понимания биологии лейкозов. По-прежнему наилучшие результаты достигаются лишь при высокодозной индукционной химиотерапии, применение которой возможно только у ограниченного числа пациентов. Высокая фенотипическая и генотипическая разнородность миелоидных лейкозов определяет актуальность развития персонифицированных подходов к терапии, в том числе основанных на определении индивидуальной химиочувствительности опухолевых клеток.
В статье представлены результаты разработки модели острого миелоидного лейкоза ex vivo, а также апробации 2 методов исследования химиочувствительности in vitro: оценки генотоксичности противоопухолевых препаратов в микроядерном тесте, а также жизнеспособности и химиочувствительности отсортированных бластных клеток. Определены перспективы индивидуализированной терапии миелоидных лейкозов на основании внедрения и дальнейшего совершенствования результатов работы.

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