Кандидоз при гемобластозах

инвазивный кандидоз, факторы риска, признаки, лечение

1. Ascioglu S., Rex J.H., De Pauw B. et al. Defining opportunistic invasive fungal infections in immunocompromised patients with cancer and hematopoetic stem cell transplants: an international consensus. Clin Infect Dis 2002;34:7—14.

2. Denning D.W. Invasive aspergillosis. Clin Infect Dis 1998;26:781—805.

3. Groll A.H., Piscitelli S.C., Walsh T.J. Clinical pharmacology of systemic antifungal agents: A comprehensive review of agents in clinical use, current investigational compounds, and putative targets for antifungal drug development. Adv Pharmacol 1998;44:343—500.

4. Kibbler C.C., Mackenzie D.W.R., Odds F.C. Principles and practice of clinical mycology. Chichester, N Y, John Wiley & Sons; 1996.

5. Krcmery V., Barnes A.J. Non-albicans Candida spp causing fungaemia: Pathogenicity and antifungal resistance. J Hosp Infect 2002;50:243-60.

6. Wingard J.R., Leather H.L. Empiric antifungal therapy for the neutropenic patient. Oncology 2001;15:351-63.

7. Andriole V.T. The 1998 Garrod lecture. Current and future antifungal therapy: ew targets for antifungal agents. J Antimicrob Chemother 1999;44:151-62.

8. Paule B. Epidemiology and frequency of systemic fungal infections in book: Serious Candida infections: diagnosis, treatment. G. Bodey; 1998. p. 1-3.

9. Ascioqlu S., Rex J.H., De Pauw B. et al. Defininq opportunistik invasive funqal infektions in immunocompromised patients with cancer and hematopoetic stem cel transplants: an international consensus. Clin Infect Dis 2002;34:7-14.

10. Bodey G.P. Fungal infection in neutropenic patients: past achievements and future problems. In: Febrile neutropenia. J. Klastersky (ed). 1997. p. 63-74.

11. Bodey G.P. Fungal infection in cancer patients - an overview. Made from Pfizer International Inc. 1990. p. 2-43.

12. Garber G. An overview of fungal infections. Drugs 2001;61(Suppl 1):1-12.

13. Bodey G.P., Mardani M., Hanna H.A. et al. The epidemiology of Can dida glabrata and Candida albicans fungemia in immunocompromised patients with cancer. Am J Med 2002;112:380-5.

14. el Mahallawy H.A., Attia I., Ali-el-Din N.H. et al. A prospective study on fungal infection in children with cancer. J Med Microbiol 2002;51:601-5.

15. Viscoli C., Girmenia C., Marinus A. et al. Candidemia in cancer patients: a prospective, multicenter surveillance study by the Invasive Fungal Infection Group (IFIG) of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC). Clin Infect Dis 1999;28:1071-9.

16. Roilides E., Dignani M.C., Anaissie E.J., Rex J.H. The role of immunoreconstitu-tion in the management of refractory opportunistic fungal infections. Med Mycol 1998;36(Suppl 1):12-25.

17. Uzin O., Anaissie E.J. Predictors of outcome in cancer patients with can-didemia. Ann Oncol 2000;11:1517-21.

18. Kirchner J., Boehme A., Huttmann C., Jacobi V. Pulmonary complications of acute myeloid leukemia in adults. Findings in chest x-rays and computer tomography. Aktuelle Radiol 1998;8:87-94.

19. Benson C.A., Kaplan J.E., Mazur H., Holmes K.K. Treating opportunistic infections among HIV-infected adults and adolescents: recomendations from CDC, National Institute of Health, and HIV Medical Associations/Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis 2005;40:S131-235.

20. Denning D., Kibbler C., Barnes R.A. British Society for Medical Mycology proposed standards of care for patients withinvasive fungal infections. Lancet 2003;3:230-40.

21. Baran J.Jr., Muckatira B., Khatib R. Candidemia before and during the fluconazole era: prevalence, type of species and approach to treatment in a tertiary care community hospital. Scand J Infec Dis 2001;33:137-9.

22. Edmond M.B., Wallace S.E., McClish D.K. et al. Nosocomial bloodstream infections in United States hospitals: A three-year analysis. Clin Infect Dis 1999;29:239-44.

23. Ostrosky-Zeichner L., Rex J.H., Pappas P. et al. Antifungal susceptibility survey of 2,000 bloodstream Candida isolates in the United States. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2003;47:3149-54.

24. Pappas P.G., Rex J.H., Sobel J.D. et al. Guidelines for the treatment of candidiasis. Clin Infect Dis 2004;38:161-89.

25. Pfaller M.A., Diekema D.J., Jones R.N. et al.; the SENTRY Participant Group. International surveillance of bloodstream infections due to Candida species: Frequency of occurrence and in vitro susceptibilities to fluconazole, ravuconazole, and voriconazole of isolates collected from 1997 through 1999 in the SENTRY antimicrobial surveillance program. J Clin Microbiol 2001;39:3254-9.

26. Pfaller M.A., Jones R.N., Doem G.V. et al.; the SENTRY Participant Group. Bloodstream infections due to Candida species: SENTRY antimicrobial surveillance program in North America and Latin America, 1997-1998. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2000;44:747-51.

27. Pappas P.G., Rex J.H., Lee J. et al. A prospective observational study of can-didemia: epidemiology, therapy, and influences on mortality in hospitalized adult and pediatric patients. Clin Infect Dis 2003;37:634-43.

28. Denning D. The human non-pathogenic fungi becoming psatthogenic (abstr 04-19). Proc of the 21s Int Congress of Chemotherapy. Birmingham, UK, July 4-7, 1999.

29. Greub G., Durussel C., Nabiman I. et al. Candida sake infections in neutropenic patients (abstr 8 29). Proc of the 5 meeting Trends in invasive Fungal Infections, Malta. October 14-16, 1999.

30. Johnson E.M., Warnock D.W., Luker J. et al. Emergence of azole drug resistance in Candida species from HIVinfected patients receiving prolonged fluconazole therapy for oral candidosis. J Antimicrob Chemother 1995;35:103-14.

31. Vazquez J.A., Lynch M., Boikov D., Sobel J.D. In vitro activity of a new pneu-mocandin antifungal, L-743,872, against azole-sensitive and azole-resistant Candida species. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1997;41:1612-4.

32. Anaissie E.J., Rex J.H., Uzin O., Vartivarian S. Predictors of adverse outcome in cancer patients with candidemia. Am J Med 1998;104:238-45.

33. Anaissie E.J., McGinnis M.R., Pfaller M.A. (eds) Clinical Mycology. Churchill Livingstone, 2003.

34. Wingard J.R. Importance of Candida species other than C. Albicans as pathogens in oncology patients. Clin Infect Dis 1995;20:115.

35. Marr K. Fungal infections in hematopoetic stem cell transplant recipients. Curr Treat Opin Infect Dis 2001;3:533-41.

36. Marr K.A., Carter R.A., Crippa F. et al. Epidemiology and outcome of mould infections in hematopoetic stem cell transplant recipients. Clin Infect Dis 2002;34:909-17.

37. Blumberg H.M., Jarvis WR., Soucie J.M. et al.; the NEMIS Study Group. Risk factors for candidal bloodstream infections in surgical intensive care unit patients: The NEMIS prospective multicenter study. Clin Infect Dis 2001;33:177-86.

38. Bodey G.P. Hematogenous and major organ candidiasis. In: G.P. Bodey et al. (eds). Candidiasis: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment. N Y, Raven Press; 1992.

39. Rubnken M. Initial diagnosis to different identification in book: The management of fungal infection. 1999. p. 23-32.

40. Rossini F., Verga M., Pioltelli P. et al. Incidence and outcome of pneumonia in patients with acute leukaemia receiving first induction therapy with antracycline-containing regimes. Haematologica 2000;85:1255-60.

41. Price K.J., Thall P.F., Kish S.K. et al. Prognostic indicators for Blood and Morrow transplant patients admitted to an intensive care unit. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998;158:876-84.

42. Климко Н.Н. Микозы легких. Пособие для врачей. М., Премьер МТ; 2005.

43. Горелов В.Г. Эффективность искусственной вентиляции легких при острой дыхательной недостаточности у больных гемобластозами. Автореф. дис. ... канд. мед. наук. М.; 1994.

44. Pappas P.G., Rex J.H., Sobel J.D. et al. Gvidelines for the treatment of candidiasis. Clin Infect Dis 2004;38:161-89.

45. Gruson D., Hilbert G., Vargas F. et al. Usefulness of computed tomography in early detection of pneumonia in leukopenic patients. Intensive Care Med 2001;27:444.

46. Ninane V. Radiological and invasive diagnosis in the detection of pneumonia in febrile neutropenia. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2000;16: 91-2.

47. Hughes WT., Armstrong D., Bodey G.P. et al. 2002 Guidelines for the use of the antimicrobial agents in neutropenic patients with cancer. Clin Infect Dis 2002;34:730-51.

48. Сергеев А.Ю., Сергеев Ю.В. Грибковые инфекции. Руководство для врачей. М., ООО «Бином-Пресс»; 2003.

49. Hayner C.E., Baughman R.P. Nosocomial pneumonia: a review of diagnostic approaches. Infect Med 1995;12:322-30.

50. Holdgaard H.O., Pedersen J., Schurizek B.A. et al. Complications and late sequelae after nasotracheal Intubation. Ugeskr Laeger 1994;156:7353-7.

51. Klech H., Pohl W. Technical recommendations and guidelines for bron-choalveolar lavage (BAL). Eur Respir J 1989;2:561-85.

52. Saito H., Anaissie E.J., Morice R.C. et al. Bronchoalveolar lavage in the diagnosis pulmonary infiltrates in patients with acute leukemia. Chest 1988;92:745-9.

53. Keating G., Figgitt D. Caspofungin: a review of its use in oesophageal candidiasis, invasive candidiasis and invasive aspergillosis. Drugs 2003;63:2235-63.

54. Rubin Z.A., Somani J. New options for the treatment of invasive fungal infections. Semin Oncol 2004;31(Suppl 4):91-8.

55. Walsh T.J., Teppler H., Donowitz G.R. et al. Caspofungin versus liposomal amphotericin B for empirical antifungal therapy in patients with persistent fever and neutropenia. N Engl J Med 2004;351:1391-402.

56. Pearson M., Rogers P.D., Clearly J.D., Chapman S. Voriconazole: a new triazole antifungal agent. Ann Pharmacother 2003;37:420-32.

57. Rex J.H., Bennett J.E., Sugar A.M. et al. A randomized trial comparing fluconazole with amphotericin B for the treatment of candidemia in patients with neutropenia. N Engl J Med 1994;331:1325-30.

58. Phillips P., Shafran S., Garber G. et al. Multicenter randomized trial of fluconazole versus amphotericin B for treatment of candidemia in non-neutropenic patients. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1997;16:337-45.

59. Tkacz J.S. Glucan biosynthesis in fungi and its inhibition. Annu Rev Microbiol 1992;:495-523.

60. Kullberg B.J., Sobel J.D., Ruhnke M. et al. Voriconazole versus aregimen of amphotericin B followed by fluconazole for candidemia in non-neutropenic patients: a randomized non-inferiority trial. Lancet 2005;366:1435-42.

61. Anaissie E.J., Vartivarian S.E., Abi-Said D. et al. Fluconazole versus amphotericin B in the treatment of hematogenous candidiasis: a matched cohort study. Am J Microbiol 1996;101:170-6.

62. Anaissie E.J., Darouiche R.O., Abi-Said D. et al. Management of invasive candidal infections: results of a prospective, randomized, multicenter study of fluconazole versus amphotericin B and review of the literature. Clin Infect Dis 1996;23:964-72.

63. Mora-Duarte J., Betts R., Rotstein C. et al. Caspofungin invasive candidiasis study group. Comparison of Caspofungin and ampotericin B for invasive candidiasis. N Engl J Med 2002;347:2020-9.

64. Gallis H.A., Drew R., Pickard W.W. Amphotericin B: 30 years of clinical experience. Rev Infect Dis 1990;12:308-29.

65. Onishi J., Meinz M., Thompson J. et al. Discovery of novel antifungal (1,3)-beta-d-glucan synthase inhibitors. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2000;44:368-77.

66. Denning D.W. Echinocandin antifungal drugs. Lancet 2003;362:1142-51.

67. Groll A.H., Walsh T.J. Caspofungin: pharmacology, safety and therapeutic potential in superficial and invasive fungal infections. Expert Opin Invest Drugs 2001;10:1545-58.

68. Stone J.A., Xu X., Wmchell G.A. et al. Disposition of Caspofungin: role of distribution in determining pharmacokinetics in plasma. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2004;48:815-23.

69. Arathoon E.G., Gotuzzo E., Noriega L.M. et al. Randomized double-blind, multicenter study of Caspofungin versus amphotericin B for treatment of oropharyngeal and esophageal candidiasis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2002;46:451-7.

70. Candoni A., Mestroni R., Damiani D. et al. Caspofungin as first line therapy of pulmonary invasive fungal infections in 32 immunocompromised patients with hematologic malignancies. Eur J Haematol 2005;75(3):227-33.

71. Cesaro S., Toffolutti T., Messina C. et al. Safety and efficacy of caspofungin and liposomal amphotericin B, followed by voriconazole in young patients affected by refractory invasive mycosis. Eur J Haematol 2004;73:50-5.

72. Baden L.R., Katz J.T., Fishman J.A. et al. Salvage therapy with voriconazole for invasive fungal infections in patients falling or intolerant to standard antifungal therapy. Transplantation 2003;76:1632-7.

73. Diekema D.J., Messer S.A., Hollis R.J. et al. Activities of caspofungin, itraconazole, posaconazole, ravuconazole, voriconazole and amphotericin b against 448 recent clinical isolates of filamentous fungi. J Clin Microbiol 2003;41:3623-6.

74. Ullmann A.J. Review of the safety, tolerability and drug interactions of the new antifungal agents Caspofungin and voriconazole. Curr Med Res Opin 2003;19:263-71.

75. Betts R., Glasmaster A., Maertens J. et al. Efficacy of caspofungin against invasive Candida or invasive Aspergillus infections in neutropenic patients. Cancer 2006;106(2):466-73.

76. Sanz-Rodriguez C., Lopez-Duarte M., Jurado M. et al. Safety of the concomitant use of caspofungin and cyclosporine a in patients with invasive fungal infections. Bone Marrow Transplantant 2004;34:13-20.

77. Kontoyiannis D.P, Hachem R., Lewis R.E. et al. Efficacy and toxicity of caspofungin in combination with liposomal amphotericin B as primary or salvage treatment of invasive aspergillosis in patients with hematologic malignancies. Cancer 2003;98:292-9.

78. Castagnola E., Machetti M., Cappelli B. et al. Caspofungin associated with liposomal amphotericin B or voriconazole for treatment of refractory fungal pneumonia in children with acute leukaemia or undergoing allogenic bone marrow transplant. Clin Microbiol Infect 2004;10(3):255-7.

79. Hazel D.L., Newland A.C., Kelsey S.M. Malignancy: granulocyte colony stimulating factor increases the efficacy of conventional amphotericin in the treatment of presumed deep-seated fungal infection in neutropenic patients following intensive chemotherapy or bone marrow transplantation for haematological malignancies. Hematology 1999;4:305-11.

80. Ortoneda M., Capilla J., Pujol I. et al. Liposomal amphotericin B and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor therapy in a murine model of invasiveinfection by Scedosporium prolificans. J Antimicrob Chemother 2002;49:525-9.

81. Flynn T.N., Kelsey S.M., Hazel D.L., Guest J.F. Cost effectiveness of amphotericin B plus G-CSF compared with amphotericin B monotherapy. Treatment of presumed deep-seated fungal infection in neutropenic patients in the UK. Pharmacoeconomics 1999;16:543-50.

82. Kartsonis N., Saah A., Lipka C.J. et al. Second-line therapy with caspofungin for mucosal or invasive candidiasis: results from the caspofungin compassionate-use study. J Antimicrob Chemother 2004;53:878-81.

83. Winston DJ., Hathorn J.W, Schuster M.G. et al. A multicenter, randomized trial of fluconazole versus amphotericin B for empiric antifungal therapy of febrile neutropenic patients with cancer. Am J Med 2000;108:282-9.

84. Walsh T.J., Lutsar T.I., Ghahramani P. et al. Efficacy of safety of voriconazole (VORI) and the treatment of invasive fun-ga^jinfection in children. Presented at the 40 Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. Toronto, September 17-20, 2000.

85. Perfect J., Gonzales-Ruiz A., Lutsar I. et al. Voriconazole (VORI) for the treatment of resistant and rare fungal pathogens. Presented at the 38 Annual Meeting of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. New Orleans, September 710, 2000.