Возможности поддерживающей терапии при опухолях системы крови и у пациентов со злокачественными новообразованиями

Поиск путей улучшения результатов лечения онкологических больных остается трудной и до конца не решенной задачей. Современное противоопухолевое лечение за счет интенсивности и молекулярно-биологической направленности позволяет добиться более высокой эффективности и теоретически снизить частоту осложнений. При этом «повышение эффективности» в современной онкологии действительно существует, но «снижение частоты осложнений» далеко от своего решения. Во многом проблемы диагностики, лечения и мониторинга осложнений связаны с воздействием на сложные физиологические процессы, протекающие в организме онкологического больного. Своевременное проведение современных и адекватных программ профилактики и лечения этих осложнений определяет понятие «поддерживающая терапия», которая обеспечивает не менее половины эффективности противоопухолевого лечения.

В 1990 г. была организована Международная ассоциация по поддерживающей терапии в онкологии (Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer, MASCC). Основными задачами ассоциации стали создание системы поддерживающей терапии, ее популяризация, накопление научного материала по данному разделу. В работе MASCC использовали опыт не только онкологов, но и специалистов, работающих практически во всех областях медицины. Поддерживающая терапия обеспечивает профилактику и лечение осложнений, возникающих при развитии злокачественного заболевания, на всех этапах противоопухолевого лечения, в период реабилитации, а также у пациентов в терминальной фазе.

Важным этапом в развитии поддерживающей терапии в России стало проведение ежегодных конференций в г. Москве при поддержке MASCC. Россия включена в европейскую группу MASCC и состав рабочей группы по поддерживающей терапии и паллиативной помощи общества химиотерапевтов (ESMO). В России 1 июня 2017 г. было создано Общество специалистов поддерживающей терапии в онкологии (Russian Society of Supportive care in Oncology, RASSC). В течение последних лет в нашей стране разработаны основные направления поддерживающей терапии. Сегодня поддерживающая терапия является обязательной составляющей противоопухолевых программ, что позволяет пациенту на всех этапах лечения справиться с тяжелыми, но потенциально обратимыми расстройствами жизненно важных органов. Это реальный путь к повышению эффективности лечения и улучшению качества жизни онкологических пациентов.

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