Значение miR-142 в опухолевой прогрессии диффузной В-клеточной крупноклеточной лимфомы

В последние годы микроРНК привлекли внимание исследователей в области онкогематологии как потенциальные маркеры для диагностики, классификации, прогнозирования особенностей течения и чувствительности к лечению опухолей, а также их использования в качестве мишеней для таргетной терапии.
Цель обзора – обобщение данных о роли miR-142 в опухолевой прогрессии одного из самых частых лимфопролиферативных заболеваний – диффузной В-клеточной крупноклеточной лимфомы.
МикроРНК miR-142 обладает широким спектром опухоль-супрессорных функций за счет нацеливания на ряд важнейших протоонкогенов, утрата контроля над которыми способствует усилению пролиферации, блоку апоптоза, активации сигнальных путей выживания В-лимфоцитов, метаболическому перепрограммированию, созданию иммуносупрессивной микросреды и избеганию опухолью иммунного надзора, а также диссеминации злокачественных клеток.
Приведена информация о номенклатуре и механизмах образования miR-142, участии miR-142 в гемопоэзе, проанализированы патогенетическая роль miR-142 и взаимосвязь между профилем экспрессии miR-142 и диффузной В-клеточной крупноклеточной лимфомой, а также обсуждаются молекулярно-генетические нарушения miR-142 при данном заболевании.

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