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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Oncohematology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Oncohematology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Онкогематология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1818-8346</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-4023</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">981</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1818-8346-2024-19-4-131-139</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CURRENT BASIC RESEARCH IN HEMATOLOGY AND PRACTICAL MEDICINE</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФУНДАМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ В ОНКОГЕМАТОЛОГИИ И ПРАКТИЧЕСКОЙ МЕДИЦИНЕ НА СОВРЕМЕННОМ ЭТАПЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Development of a preclinical model of myeloid tumors with high immune checkpoints expression</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Разработка доклинической модели миелоидных опухолей с высокой экспрессией иммунных контрольных точек</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2220-0591</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Senichkina</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сеничкина</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Dina Aleksandrovna Senichkina,</bold></p><p>6–8 L’va Tolstogo St., Saint Petersburg 197022</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Дина Александровна Сеничкина</bold>,</p><p>197022 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, 6–8</p></bio><email>dina-caruk@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3767-6840</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shakirova</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шакирова</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>6–8 L’va Tolstogo St., Saint Petersburg 197022</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197022 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, 6–8</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8168-6811</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Epifanovskaya</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Епифановская</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>6–8 L’va Tolstogo St., Saint Petersburg 197022</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197022 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, 6–8</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1871-3124</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gaponenko</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гапоненко</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>6–8 L’va Tolstogo St., Saint Petersburg 197022</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197022 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, 6–8</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1837-189X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pyatiizbyantsev</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пятиизбянцев</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>6–8 L’va Tolstogo St., Saint Petersburg 197022</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197022 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, 6–8</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3985-9552</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Belotserkovskaya</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белоцерковская</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>4 Tikhoretsky Prospekt, Saint Petersburg 194064</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>194064 Санкт-Петербург, Тихорецкий пр-кт, 4</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0820-2913</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Malyshecheva</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малышечева</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>4 Tikhoretsky Prospekt, Saint Petersburg 194064</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>194064 Санкт-Петербург, Тихорецкий пр-кт, 4</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4056-050X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lepik</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лепик</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>6–8 L’va Tolstogo St., Saint Petersburg 197022</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197022 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, 6–8</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4332-0114</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Moiseev</surname><given-names>I. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Моисеев</surname><given-names>И. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197022 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, 6–8</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Raisa Gorbacheva Memorial Research Institute for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Transplantation, I.P. Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">НИИ детской онкологии, гематологии и трансплантологии им. Р.М. Горбачевой ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. Павлова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУН «Институт цитологии Российской академии наук»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-12-10" publication-format="electronic"><day>10</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>131</fpage><lpage>139</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-12-10"><day>10</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-12-10"><day>10</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://oncohematology.abvpress.ru/ongm/article/view/981">https://oncohematology.abvpress.ru/ongm/article/view/981</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background</bold>. Myelodysplastic syndrome is a group of malignant blood diseases with a high risk of transformation into acute myeloid leukemia. One treatment approach is to target immune checkpoints (ICs) that are overexpressed on tumor cells. To develop these drugs, relevant models are needed for highthroughput screening and study of these biologically active substances, since traditionally used models (mouse and patient biomaterials) are difficult to access, financially and laborintensive, and are characterized by poorly reproducible results.</p><p><bold>Aim</bold>. To develop a model based on a human myeloid cell line with increased expression of L1 and TIM3 to study the activity of ICs inhibitors, the presence of which in the tumor microenvironment in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia was associated with a high risk and worse prognosis.</p><p><bold>Materials and methods</bold>. Initial testing of the L1 and TIM3 basal expression level was carried out on cell lines: TH1, HL60, OCIAML2, OCIAML5, KG1, MonoMac1. Induction of IC expression was carried out using interferon γ. Analysis of marker expression was carried out 24 hours after induction of ICs expression and addition of MK2206 using flow cytometry.</p><p><bold>Results</bold>. Basal expression of the studied ICs receptors was absent in all of them, except for KG1; TIM3 was present in 88.4 ± 7.1 % of cells, and L1 – in 88 ± 8.5 %. The addition of interferon γ at a concentration of 50 ng/mL to the MonoMac1 culture led to a significant increase in the proportion of TIM3 and L1 expressing cells (53.3 ± 12.2 and 97.3 ± 1.1 % respectively, compared to 0.1 ± 0.1 and 0.1 ± 0.1 % without interferon γ), and for TH1 only L1 expression (87.5 ± 20 %, control 0.1 ± 0.1 %) was observed at the concentration of interferon γ in a medium of 50 ng/mL, while the proportion of cells expressing TIM3 was 6.9 ± 10 % (control 0.1 ± 0.1 %).</p><p><bold>Conclusion</bold>. The KG1 line, which constantly expresses significant levels of target ICs, as well as TH1 and MonoMac1, which are induced by 50 ng/mL interferon γ, were selected as a model with increased L1 and TIM3 expression based on a human myeloid cell line. The model efficiency was confirmed by the rational response to the IC pathway inhibitor.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение</bold>. Миелодиспластический синдром – группа злокачественных заболеваний крови опухолевой природы с высоким риском трансформации в острый миелоидный лейкоз. Один из подходов к лечению – воздействие на иммунные контрольные точки (ИТ), гиперэкспрессирующиеся на опухолевых клетках. Для разработки таких препаратов необходимы релевантные модели для высокопроизводительного скрининга и изучения данных биологически активных веществ, так как традиционно используемые модели (мышиные и биоматериал пациентов) труднодоступны, финансово и трудозатратны и характеризуются плохо воспроизводимым результатом.</p><p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> – разработать модель на основе миелоидной клеточной линии человека с повышенной экспрессией L1 и TIM3 для исследования активности ингибиторов сигнальных путей ИТ, присутствие которых в опухолевом микроокружении больных миелодиспластическим синдромом и острым миелоидным лейкозом ассоциировано с высоким риском и ухудшением прогноза.</p><p><bold>Материалы и методы</bold>. Первоначальное тестирование базального уровня экспрессии L1 и TIM3 проводили на клеточных линиях TH1, HL60, OCIAML2, OCIAML5, KG1, MonoMac1. Экспрессию ИТ индуцировали с использованием интерферона γ. Экспрессию маркеров анализировали через 24 ч после индукции экспрессии ИТ и добавления ингибитора пути АТ методом проточной цитофлуориметрии.</p><p><bold>Результаты</bold>. Базальная экспрессия исследуемых рецепторов ИТ отсутствовала на клетках всех исследованных линий, кроме KG1; TIM3 был представлен на 88,4 ± 7,1 % клеток, а экспрессия L1 была характерна для 88 ± 8,5 % событий. Добавление интерферона γ в концентрации 50 нг/мл в культуру MonoMac1 приводило к значимому увеличению доли TIM3 иL1‑экспрессирующих клеток до 53,3 ± 12,2 и 97,3 ± 1,1 % соответственно по сравнению с 0,1 ± 0,1 и 0,1 ± 0,1 % без добавления интерферона γ, а для TH1 наблюдалась экспрессия только L1 (87,5 ± 20 %; контроль – 0,1 ± 0,1 %) при концентрации интерферона γ в среде 50 нг/мл, при этом доля TIM3экспрессирующих клеток составляла 6,9 ± 10 % (контроль – 0,1 ± 0,1 %).</p><p><bold>Заключение</bold>. В качестве модели с повышенной экспрессией L1 и TIM3 на основе миелоидной клеточной линии человека выбраны линии: KG1, которая константно экспрессирует значимые уровни целевых ИТ, а также TH1 и MonoMac1, в которых проводится индукция интерфероном γ в концентрации 50 нг/мл. Работоспособность модели подтверждена рациональным ответом на ингибитор пути АТ.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>TIM3</kwd><kwd>L1</kwd><kwd>TH1</kwd><kwd>KG1</kwd><kwd>MonoMac1</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>TIM3</kwd><kwd>L1</kwd><kwd>TH1</kwd><kwd>KG1</kwd><kwd>MonoMac1</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Chen H., Wang M., Weng T. et al. The prognostic and clinicopathological significance of Tim3 and PD1 expression in the prognosis of upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma. Urol Oncol 2021;39(11):743–53. DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2021.05.039</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Kouroukli O., Symeonidis A., Foukas P. et al. Bone marrow immune microenvironment in myelodysplastic syndromes. Cancers (Basel) 2022;14(22):5656. 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