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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Oncohematology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Oncohematology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Онкогематология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1818-8346</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-4023</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">980</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1818-8346-2024-19-4-124-130</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RARE AND COMPLEX CLINICAL SITUATIONS: DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT CHOICE</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РЕДКИЕ И СЛОЖНЫЕ КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ СИТУАЦИИ: ДИАГНОСТИКА И ВЫБОР ТАКТИКИ ЛЕЧЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Spontaneous remission of acute myeloid leukemia in children. Case series and literature review</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Спонтанная ремиссия острого миелоидного лейкоза у детей. Описание серии клинических случаев и обзор литературы</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6734-0331</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Klyukhin</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Клюхин</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Vladislav Valer’evich Klyukhin,</bold></p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow 117198</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Владислав Валерьевич Клюхин,</bold></p><p>117198 Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><email>Nccxbak@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0813-5626</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalinina</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калинина</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow 117198</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117198 Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Salimova</surname><given-names>T. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Салимова</surname><given-names>Т. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow 117198</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117198 Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Osipova</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Осипова</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>16 Bratiev Battalovykh St., Kazan 420064</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Республика Татарстан 420064 Казань, ул. Братьев Батталовых, 16</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shapiro</surname><given-names>V. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шапиро</surname><given-names>В. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>140 Orenburgskiy Trakt St., Kazan 42013</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Республика Татарстан, 420138 Казань, ул. Оренбургский тракт, 140</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sharapova</surname><given-names>G. R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шарапова</surname><given-names>Г. Р.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>30 Severnaya St., Nizhnevartovsk 628609</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>628609 Нижневартовск, ул. Северная, 30</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0016-6698</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Maschan</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Масчан</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow 117198</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117198 Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kazan Hospice “Natasha”</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Медицинская автономная некоммерческая организация «Казанский хоспис «Наташа»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Republican Children’s Hospital, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГАУЗ «Детская республиканская больница Минздрава Республики Татарстан»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Nizhnevartovsk District Children’s Clinical Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">БУ ХМАО Югры «Нижневартовская окружная клиническая детская больница»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-12-10" publication-format="electronic"><day>10</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>124</fpage><lpage>130</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-12-10"><day>10</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-12-10"><day>10</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://oncohematology.abvpress.ru/ongm/article/view/980">https://oncohematology.abvpress.ru/ongm/article/view/980</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous group of hematopoietic malignant neoplasms, the substrate of which is the clonal proliferation of myelopoiesis progenitor cells. The key AML features are uncontrolled proliferation and arrest of cell differentiation, which leads to specific damage of various organs and systems; in the absence of specific therapy, death occurs quite quickly.</p><p>Spontaneous AML remission is considered a rare phenomenon. In 1878, the first mention of AML clinical manifestations regression after acute infectious disease was made, but the remission was short and a relapse soon occurred.</p><p>The article presents a literature review and 3 clinical cases, systematizing information on known cases of spontaneous AML remission in children. Attention is focused on various mechanisms that may contribute to spontaneous AML remission in children. These may be either immune-mediated reactions to leukemic cells or the influence of infectious agents, which in some cases activate antitumor immunity. In some cases, a direct correlation is observed between the presence of infectious processes and a decrease of tumor cells number, which emphasizes the importance of further studying the molecular mechanisms of interaction between immune and tumor cells.</p><p>There is no evidence of a correlation between age and spontaneous remission. Spontaneous remission, although rare, may be a significant factor to consider when planning a treatment strategy.</p><p>Further clinical studies are needed to better understand the spontaneous remission mechanisms in childhood AML. This may lead to improved treatment results and increased chances of a favorable outcome for patients.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Острые миелоидные лейкозы (ОМЛ) представляют собой гетерогенную группу злокачественных новообразований кроветворной системы, субстратом которых является клональная пролиферация клеток-предшественников миелопоэза. Ключевые признаки ОМЛ – неконтролируемая пролиферация и остановка дифференцировки клеток, что приводит к специфическому поражению различных органов и систем, при отсутствии специфической терапии стремительно наступает летальный исход.</p><p>Спонтанная ремиссия при ОМЛ рассматривается как редкое явление. В 1878 г. было сделано первое упоминание о регрессе клинических проявлений ОМЛ у пациента после острого инфекционного заболевания, однако ремиссия была недолгой и вскоре произошел рецидив.</p><p>В статье представлены обзор научной литературы и данные 3 клинических наблюдений, систематизирована информация об известных случаях спонтанной ремиссии при ОМЛ у детей. Акцентируется внимание на различных механизмах, которые могут способствовать спонтанной ремиссии у детей, страдающих ОМЛ. Это могут быть как иммуно-опосредованные реакции организма на лейкемические клетки, так и влияние инфекционных агентов, которые в ряде случаев активизируют противоопухолевый иммунитет. В некоторых случаях наблюдается прямая корреляция наличия инфекционных процессов с уменьшением числа опухолевых клеток, что подчеркивает важность дальнейшего изучения молекулярных механизмов взаимодействия между иммунными и опухолевыми клетками.</p><p>Нет данных о наличии корреляции возраста с возникновением спонтанной ремиссии. Спонтанная ремиссия, несмотря на редкость, может стать значимым фактором, который следует учитывать при планировании лечебной стратегии. Необходимы дальнейшие клинические исследования и наблюдения для более глубокого понимания механизмов спонтанной ремиссии при ОМЛ у детей. Это может привести к улучшению результатов лечения и увеличению шансов на благоприятный исход для пациентов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>spontaneous remission</kwd><kwd>acute myeloid leukemia</kwd><kwd>children</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>спонтанная ремиссия</kwd><kwd>острый миелоидный лейкоз</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Estey E., Döhner H. Acute myeloid leukaemia. Lancet 2006; 368(9550):1894–907. DOI: 10.1016/S01406736(06)697808</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Eisenlohr C. Leucaemia lienalis, lymphatica et medullaris mit multiplen Gehirnnervenl ä hmungen. Virchows Arch 1878;73:56–73.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Richter P.F. Lukamie and erysipel. 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