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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Oncohematology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Oncohematology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Онкогематология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1818-8346</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-4023</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">975</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1818-8346-2024-19-4-73-83</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>NEW DIRECTIONS, DIAGNOSTIC OPPORTUNITIES, AND TREATMENT ADVANCES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НОВЫЕ НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ, ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ ДИАГНОСТИКИ И УСПЕХИ ЛЕЧЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Minimal residual disease and outcomes of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with acute leukemia</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Минимальная остаточная болезнь и результаты трансплантации аллогенных гемопоэтических стволовых клеток крови и костного мозга у больных острыми лейкозами</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8490-6066</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Galtseva</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гальцева</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Irina Vladimirovna Galtseva,</bold></p><p>4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd, Moscow 125167</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Ирина Владимировна Гальцева,</bold></p><p>125167 Москва, Новый Зыковский пр-д, 4</p></bio><email>galtseva.i@blood.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6177-3566</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Parovichnikova</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Паровичникова</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd, Moscow 125167</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125167 Москва, Новый Зыковский пр-д, 4</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5932-0285</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Davydova</surname><given-names>Yu. O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Давыдова</surname><given-names>Ю. О.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd, Moscow 125167</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125167 Москва, Новый Зыковский пр-д, 4</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6512-910X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kapranov</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Капранов</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd, Moscow 125167</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125167 Москва, Новый Зыковский пр-д, 4</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4119-7175</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikiforova</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никифорова</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd, Moscow 125167</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125167 Москва, Новый Зыковский пр-д, 4</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8044-598X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chabaeva</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чабаева</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd, Moscow 125167</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125167 Москва, Новый Зыковский пр-д, 4</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6201-6276</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzmina</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузьмина</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd, Moscow 125167</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125167 Москва, Новый Зыковский пр-д, 4</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5569-0155</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Konova</surname><given-names>Z. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Конова</surname><given-names>З. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd, Moscow 125167</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125167 Москва, Новый Зыковский пр-д, 4</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4785-5607</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kastrikina</surname><given-names>I. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кастрикина</surname><given-names>И. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd, Moscow 125167</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125167 Москва, Новый Зыковский пр-д, 4</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9969-8482</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Aleshina</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алешина</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd, Moscow 125167</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125167 Москва, Новый Зыковский пр-д, 4</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8337-2242</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lukianova</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лукьянова</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd, Moscow 125167</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125167 Москва, Новый Зыковский пр-д, 4</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4827-8947</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Troitskaya</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Троицкая</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd, Moscow 125167</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125167 Москва, Новый Зыковский пр-д, 4</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9684-5045</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gaponova</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гапонова</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd, Moscow 125167</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125167 Москва, Новый Зыковский пр-д, 4</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6288-7570</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulikov</surname><given-names>S. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куликов</surname><given-names>С. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd, Moscow 125167</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125167 Москва, Новый Зыковский пр-д, 4</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр гематологии» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-12-10" publication-format="electronic"><day>10</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>73</fpage><lpage>83</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-12-10"><day>10</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-12-10"><day>10</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://oncohematology.abvpress.ru/ongm/article/view/975">https://oncohematology.abvpress.ru/ongm/article/view/975</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background</bold>. One approach to improving overall and relapsefree survival for patients with acute leukemia is allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). The probability of relapse after allo-HSCT in acute leukemia patients may be influenced by many factors, including the presence of minimal residual disease (MR) before allo-HSCT. Aim. To evaluate the relationship between MR presence in first complete remission and probability of relapse after allo-HSCT in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).</p><p><bold>Materials and methods</bold>. The study included 241 patients: 143 with AML and 98 with ALL (30 patients with Ph-positive leukemia, 22 patients with T-cell ALL and 46 patients with B-cell ALL) who received allo-HSCT at the National Medical Research Center for Hematology from September 2015 to July 2021. The MR analysis was performed using flow cytometry. Statistical analysis was performed using BIM SPSS v. 23 (SA).</p><p><bold>Results</bold>. Univariate event analysis revealed that in AML patients, poor prognosis was most associated with MRD-positive status before allo-HSCT (hazard ratio (HR) 10.249 (95 % confidence interval (CI) 4.137–25.388); p ˂ .0001). Multivariate analysis included MRD-positive status before allo-HSCT (HR 9.161 (95 % CI 3.513–23.652); p &lt; 001), ELN risk (HR 4.423 (95 % CI 1.764–11.092); p ˂ 0.0034), and transplant source (bone marrow/peripheral stem cells) (HR 3.068 (95 % CI 1.188–7.924); p ˂ 0.0156). Three-year overall and relapse-free survival of AML patients in the first complete remission with MRD-positive status were statistically significantly worse than in patients with MRD-negative status (overall survival 43 % versus 78 %; p = 0.0004; relapse-free – 26 % versus 67 %; p ˂ .0001). In the univariate event analysis, it was found that MRD-positive status before allo-HSCT (HR 4.180 (95 % CI 1.333–13.112); p = 0.0142) was most associated with an unfavorable prognosis in ALL patients. In the multivariate analysis, only the MRD status before allo-HSCT was selected (p = 0.0005). The overall survival of MRD-positive ALL patients, although significantly worse, did not differ statistically significantly from that of MRD-negative patients who received allo-HSCT in the first complete remission (28 % versus 68 %; p = 0.09).</p><p><bold>Conclusion</bold>. MRD analysis before allo-HSCT helps to identify a group of patients with an extremely high risk of relapse after transplantation, which dictates the need to correct therapeutic tactics regarding the choice of donor, conditioning regimen, immunosuppressive therapy, or early prophylactic antirelapse therapy.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение</bold>. Для больных острыми лейкозами одним из подходов увеличения общей и безрецидивной выживаемости является выполнение трансплантации аллогенных гемопоэтических стволовых клеток (алло-ТГСК). На вероятность развития рецидива после алло-ТГСК у больных острыми лейкозами может влиять множество факторов, в том числе наличие минимальной остаточной болезни (МОБ) перед алло-ТГСК. </p><p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> – оценить связь наличия МОБ в 1‑й полной ремиссии с вероятностью развития рецидива у больных острым миелоидным лейкозом (ОМЛ) и острым лимфобластным лейкозом (ОЛЛ) после алло-ТГСК. </p><p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> В исследование включен 241 больной: 143 – ОМЛ и 98 – ОЛЛ (30 пациентов с Ph-позитивным лейкозом, 22 пациента с T-клеточным ОЛЛ и 46 пациентов B-клеточным ОЛЛ), у которого выполнена алло-ТГСК в НМИЦ гематологии в период с сентября 2015 г. по июль 2021 г. Исследование МОБ проводили методом проточной цитометрии. Статистический анализ данных выполняли с помощью IBM SPSS v.23 (США). </p><p><bold>Результаты</bold>. Методом однофакторного событийного анализа обнаружено, что у пациентов с ОМЛ неблагоприятный прогноз наиболее ассоциирован с МОБ-позитивным статусом перед алло-ТГСК (отношение рисков (ОР) 10,249 (95 % доверительный интервал (ДИ) 4,137–25,388); р ˂ 0,0001). В многофакторном анализе отобраны факторы МОБ перед алло-ТГСК (ОР 9,161 (95 % ДИ 3,513–23,652); p &lt; 0001), ELNриск (ОР 4,423 (95 % ДИ 1,764–11,092); p ˂ 034) и источник трансплантата (костный мозг/периферические стволовые клетки) (ОР 3,068 (95 % ДИ 1,188–7,924); p ˂ 0,0156). Трехлетняя общая и безрецидивная выживаемость больных ОМЛ в 1‑й полной ремиссии с МОБ-позитивным статусом была статистически значимо ниже, чем у больных с МОБ-негативным статусом (общая выживаемость 43 % против 78 %; р = 0,0004; безрецидивная – 26 % против 67 %; р &lt;0,0001). </p><p>При однофакторном событийном анализе обнаружено, что МОБ-позитивный статус перед алло-ТГСК (ОР 4,180 (95 % ДИ 1,333–13,112); р = 0,0142) наиболее ассоциирован с неблагоприятным прогнозом у пациентов с ОЛЛ. При многофакторном анализе отобран только фактор МОБ перед алло-ТГСК (p = 0,0005). Общая выживаемость МОБ позитивных больных ОЛЛ хотя и была существенно меньше, но статистически значимо не отличалась от МОБ-негативных больных, которым выполнена алло-ТГСК в 1‑й полной ремиссии (28 % против 68 %; р = 0,09). </p><p><bold>Заключение</bold>. Результаты исследования МОБ перед алло-ТГС помогают выделить группу больных с крайне высоким риском развития рецидива после трансплантации, что диктует необходимость коррекции их терапевтической тактики, касающейся выбора донора, режима кондиционирования, иммуносупрессивной терапии, или выполнения ранней профилактической противорецидивной терапии. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hematopoietic stem cell transplantation</kwd><kwd>acute leukemia</kwd><kwd>flow cytometry</kwd><kwd>minimal residual disease</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>трансплантация гемопоэтических стволовых клеток</kwd><kwd>острый лейкоз</kwd><kwd>проточная цитометрия</kwd><kwd>минимальная остаточная болезнь</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Parovichnikova E.N. New programs for the treatment of acute leukemia. Dis. … doctor of medical sciences. 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