<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Oncohematology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Oncohematology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Онкогематология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1818-8346</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-4023</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">781</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1818-8346-2009-0-4-12-21</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HEMATOLOGIC MALIGNANCIES: TREATMENT, SUPPORTIVE CARE</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕМОБЛАСТОЗЫ: ЛЕЧЕНИЕ, СОПРОВОДИТЕЛЬНАЯ ТЕРАПИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Comparative analysis of three various chemotherapy protocols for acute lymphoblastic leukemia BFM-90m, MB-91 and PECO-92 in Moscow and St.-Petersburg</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Сравнительный анализ режимов химиотерапии острого лимфобластного лейкоза BFM-90m, MB-91 и PECO-92 в Москве и Санкт-Петербурге</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Boichenko</surname><given-names>E. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бойченко</surname><given-names>Э. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St.-Petersburg</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Эльмира Госмановна Бойченко</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><email>boychenko_elmira@dgb.spb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrova</surname><given-names>E. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрова</surname><given-names>Э. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St.-Petersburg</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanovskaya</surname><given-names>M. B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ивановская</surname><given-names>М. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St.-Petersburg</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Garbusova</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гарбузова</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St.-Petersburg</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Belogurova</surname><given-names>M. B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белогурова</surname><given-names>М. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St.-Petersburg</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Radulesku</surname><given-names>G. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Радулеску</surname><given-names>Г. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St.-Petersburg</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Roumiantseva</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Румянцева</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Litvinov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Литвинов</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lagoiko</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лагойко</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kondratchik</surname><given-names>K. L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кондратчик</surname><given-names>К. Л.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ponomareva</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пономарева</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tukalova</surname><given-names>N. R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тюкалова</surname><given-names>Н. Р.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Karachunsky</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карачунский</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Municipal children hospital № 1</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Детская городская больница № 1</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Municipal clinical hospital № 31</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Городская клиническая больница № 31</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Federal research center of pediatric hematology, oncology and immunology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГУ Федеральный научно-клинический центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Federal research center of pediatric hematology, oncology and immunology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГУ Федеральный научно-клинический центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии4 Российская детская клиническая больница</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian children clinical hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГУ Федеральный научно-клинический центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff6"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Federal research center of pediatric hematology, oncology and immunology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Морозовская городская детская клиническая больница № 1</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff7"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Morozov children clinical hospital № 1</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГУ Федеральный научно-клинический центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff8"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Federal research center of pediatric hematology, oncology and immunology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российская детская клиническая больница</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff9"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian children clinical hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российская детская клиническая больница</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff id="aff10"><institution>Federal research center of pediatric hematology, oncology and immunology</institution></aff><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2009-11-28" publication-format="electronic"><day>28</day><month>11</month><year>2009</year></pub-date><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>12</fpage><lpage>21</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-11-28"><day>28</day><month>11</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-11-28"><day>28</day><month>11</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-year>2009</copyright-year><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://oncohematology.abvpress.ru/ongm/article/view/781">https://oncohematology.abvpress.ru/ongm/article/view/781</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Comparative retrospective analysis of treatment results of three different chemotherapy protocols - ALL BFM 90m, ALL MB 91 and PECO 92 — in primary ALL patients aged before 18 years, registered in Moscow and St-Petersburg clinics from 01.01.1993 to 01.01.1999 is presented. It has been shown, that treatment results of PECO 92 protocol have appeared much worse, thus, any differences in treatment results for children with ALL between ALL BFM 90m and ALL MB 91 protocols were not revealed. Event-free survival (pEFS) of St-Petersburg' patients, received PECO 92 protocol (60±3%), was significantly worse, in comparison with patients treated according to ALL BFM 90m protocol (74±4%; р=0,0056) and ALL MB 91 protocol (73±4%; р=0,0239). The high incidence of relapses became a main cause of efficacy decreasing. Differences of induction and remission death incidences between three chemotherapy protocols were not revealed. Significant and most expressive EFS differences between PECO-92 and two other protocols were obtained in boys, in a 1—10 age group, and in patients with leukocytes count &gt; 100 000/mm<sup>3</sup>, in patients with non-T-ALL and in patients with spleen size &gt;4 cm.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Проведен сравнительный ретроспективный анализ результатов лечения по 3 режимам химиотерапии (ХТ) — ALL BFM-90m, ALL MB-91 и PECO-92 у первичных больных острым лимфобластным лейкозом (ОЛЛ) в возрасте до 18 лет, зарегистрированных в клиниках Москвы и Санкт-Петербурга в период с 01.01.1993 г. по 01.01.1999 г. Этот анализ показал, что если между протоколами ALL-BFM-90m и ALL-MB-91 никаких различий в результатах лечения ОЛЛ у детей обнаружено не было, то результаты лечения на протоколе PECO-92 оказались значительно хуже. Бессобытийная выживаемость (БСВ) у больных из Санкт-Петербурга, лечившихся по протоколу PECO-92, достоверно хуже, чем у пациентов, получавших протоколы ALL-BFM-90m (р=0,0056) и ALL-MB-91 (р=0,0239) — 60±3, 74±4 и 73±4% соответственно. Основной причиной ухудшения результатов лечения больных ОЛЛ по данному протоколу стало большее число рецидивов. При этом различий летальности в индукции и в ремиссии между тремя режимами ХТ ОЛЛ у детей не отмечено. Достоверные и наиболее резкие различия в отношении БСВ между протоколом PECO-92 и программами ALL-BFM-90m и ALL-MB-91 получены в подгруппах мальчиков, среди детей в возрастной группе от 1 года до 10 лет, с инициальным лейкоцитозом &gt; 100 000/мм<sup>3</sup>, у пациентов с не-Т-клеточным фенотипом и у пациентов с увеличением селезенки &gt; 4 см.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>chemotherapy</kwd><kwd>PECO-92</kwd><kwd>ALL-MB-91</kwd><kwd>ALL-BFM-90</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>острый лимфобластный лейкоз</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>химиотерапия</kwd><kwd>PECO-92</kwd><kwd>ALL-MB-91</kwd><kwd>ALL-BFM-90</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">1. Алексеев Н.А., Воронцов И.М. Лейкозы у детей. Л.: Медицина, 1988.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Алексеев Н.А., Воронцов И.М. Лейкозы у детей. Л.: Медицина, 1988.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">2. Riehm H., Gadner H., Henze G. et al. Results and significance of six randomized trials in four consecutive ALL-BFM studies. Hematol Blood Transfus 1990;33:439—50.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Riehm H., Gadner H., Henze G. et al. Results and significance of six randomized trials in four consecutive ALL-BFM studies. Hematol Blood Transfus 1990;33:439—50.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">3. Janka-Schaub G.E., Winkler K., Gobel U. et al. Rapidly rotating combination chemotherapy in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: preliminary results of a randomized comparison with conventional treatment. Leukemia 1988;2:73—8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Janka-Schaub G.E., Winkler K., Gobel U. et al. Rapidly rotating combination chemotherapy in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: preliminary results of a randomized comparison with conventional treatment. Leukemia 1988;2:73—8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">4. Schrappe M., Reiter A., Zimmermann M. et al. Long-term results of four consecutive trials in childhood ALL performed by the ALL-BFM study group from 1981 to 1995. Leukemia 2000;14:2205—22.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schrappe M., Reiter A., Zimmermann M. et al. Long-term results of four consecutive trials in childhood ALL performed by the ALL-BFM study group from 1981 to 1995. Leukemia 2000;14:2205—22.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">5. Harms D.O., Janka-Shaub G.E. Cooperative study group for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (COALL): long-term follow-up of trials 82, 85, 89 and 92. Leukemia 2000;14(12):2234—9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Harms D.O., Janka-Shaub G.E. Cooperative study group for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (COALL): long-term follow-up of trials 82, 85, 89 and 92. Leukemia 2000;14(12):2234—9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">6. Rivera G., Raimondi S., Hancock M. et al. Improved outcome in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia with reinforced early treatment and rotational combination chemotherapy. Lancet 1991;337(8733):61—6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rivera G., Raimondi S., Hancock M. et al. Improved outcome in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia with reinforced early treatment and rotational combination chemotherapy. Lancet 1991;337(8733):61—6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">7. Tubergen D.G., Gilchrist G.S., O’Brien R.T. et al. Improved outcome with delayed intensification in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and intermediate presenting features: a Children’s Cancer Group phase III trial. J Clin Oncol 1993;11:527.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tubergen D.G., Gilchrist G.S., O’Brien R.T. et al. Improved outcome with delayed intensification in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and intermediate presenting features: a Children’s Cancer Group phase III trial. J Clin Oncol 1993;11:527.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">8. Neglia J.P., Meadows A.T., Robinson L.L. et al. Second neoplasms after acute lymphoblastic leukemiain childhood. N Engl J Med 1991;325:1330—6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Neglia J.P., Meadows A.T., Robinson L.L. et al. Second neoplasms after acute lymphoblastic leukemiain childhood. N Engl J Med 1991;325:1330—6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">9. Meadows A.T., Baum E., Fossati-Bellani F. et al. Second malignant neoplasms in children: an update from the Late Effects Study Group. J Clin Oncol 1985;3:532—8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Meadows A.T., Baum E., Fossati-Bellani F. et al. Second malignant neoplasms in children: an update from the Late Effects Study Group. J Clin Oncol 1985;3:532—8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">10. Walter A.W., Hancock M.L., Pui C.-H. et al. Secondary brain tumors in children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia at St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital. J Clin Oncol 1998;16:3761—7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Walter A.W., Hancock M.L., Pui C.-H. et al. Secondary brain tumors in children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia at St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital. J Clin Oncol 1998;16:3761—7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">11. Pui C.-H., Ribeiro R.C., Hancock M.L. et al. Acute myeloid leukemia in children treated with epipodophyllotoxins foracute lymphoblastic leukemia. N Engl J Med 1991;325:1682—7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pui C.-H., Ribeiro R.C., Hancock M.L. et al. Acute myeloid leukemia in children treated with epipodophyllotoxins foracute lymphoblastic leukemia. N Engl J Med 1991;325:1682—7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">12. Kreissman S.G., Gelber R.D., Cohen H.J. et al. Incidence of secondary acute myelogenous leukemia after treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cancer 1992;70:2208—13.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kreissman S.G., Gelber R.D., Cohen H.J. et al. Incidence of secondary acute myelogenous leukemia after treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cancer 1992;70:2208—13.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">13. Pui C.-H., Relling M.V., Rivera G.K. et al. Epipodophyllotoxin-related acute myeloid leukemia: a study of 35 cases. Leukemia 1995;9:1990—6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pui C.-H., Relling M.V., Rivera G.K. et al. Epipodophyllotoxin-related acute myeloid leukemia: a study of 35 cases. Leukemia 1995;9:1990—6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">14. Карачунский А.И., Штакельберг А., Мякова Н.В. и др. Сравнение протоколов ОЛЛ-БФМ-90М и ALL-MB-91 для лечения острого лимфобластного лейкоза у детей (предварительные результаты). Педиатрия 1995;(2):10—6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Карачунский А.И., Штакельберг А., Мякова Н.В. и др. Сравнение протоколов ОЛЛ-БФМ-90М и ALL-MB-91 для лечения острого лимфобластного лейкоза у детей (предварительные результаты). Педиатрия 1995;(2):10—6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">15. Janka-Shaub G.E., Stuhrk H., Kortum B.U., Winkler K. Initial response to therapy as an important prognostic factor in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in childhood COALL Study Group. Klin Padiatr 1991;203(4):231—5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Janka-Shaub G.E., Stuhrk H., Kortum B.U., Winkler K. Initial response to therapy as an important prognostic factor in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in childhood COALL Study Group. Klin Padiatr 1991;203(4):231—5.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">16. Eckhof-Donovan S., Schwamborn D., Korholz D. et al. Thrombosis in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia treated with the COALL-protocol. Klin Padiatr 1994;206(4):327—30.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Eckhof-Donovan S., Schwamborn D., Korholz D. et al. Thrombosis in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia treated with the COALL-protocol. Klin Padiatr 1994;206(4):327—30.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">17. Jurgens H., Janka-Shaub G., Ibrahim M. et al. Prognostic significance of exposure to intermediate-dose methotrexate in children with standard risk ALL: The COALL 82/85 Experience. Haematol Blood Transfus 1992;34:338—42.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jurgens H., Janka-Shaub G., Ibrahim M. et al. Prognostic significance of exposure to intermediate-dose methotrexate in children with standard risk ALL: The COALL 82/85 Experience. Haematol Blood Transfus 1992;34:338—42.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">18. Gobrecht O., Gobel U., Graubner U. et al. Effect of dose intensity and therapy-included leukocytopenia in childhood. Results in 213 patients of the COALL-85 study. Klin Padiatr 1992;204(4):230—5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gobrecht O., Gobel U., Graubner U. et al. Effect of dose intensity and therapy-included leukocytopenia in childhood. Results in 213 patients of the COALL-85 study. Klin Padiatr 1992;204(4):230—5.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">19. Janka-Shaub G., Harms D., Goebel U. et al. for the Coall Study Group. Randomized comparison of rational chemotherapy in high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukaemia of childhood — follow up after 9 years. Eur J Pediatr 1996;155:640—8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Janka-Shaub G., Harms D., Goebel U. et al. for the Coall Study Group. Randomized comparison of rational chemotherapy in high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukaemia of childhood — follow up after 9 years. Eur J Pediatr 1996;155:640—8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">20. Janka G., Harms D., Escherich G. et al. Thioguanine offers no advantage over mercaptopurine in maintenance therapy of childhood ALL. Med Pediatr Oncol 1999;33:217.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Janka G., Harms D., Escherich G. et al. Thioguanine offers no advantage over mercaptopurine in maintenance therapy of childhood ALL. Med Pediatr Oncol 1999;33:217.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">21. Harms D., Schwamborn D., Winkler K. et al. Daunorubicin-induced cell kill in 1-hour vs. 24-hour infusions: randomized comparison in newly diagnosed children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Med Pediatr Oncol 1994;23:197.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Harms D., Schwamborn D., Winkler K. et al. Daunorubicin-induced cell kill in 1-hour vs. 24-hour infusions: randomized comparison in newly diagnosed children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Med Pediatr Oncol 1994;23:197.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">22. Ritter J., Creutzig V., Reiter A. et al. Childhood leukemia: Cooperative Berlin—Frankfurt—Munster trails in the Federal Republic of Germany. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 1990;116:100.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ritter J., Creutzig V., Reiter A. et al. Childhood leukemia: Cooperative Berlin—Frankfurt—Munster trails in the Federal Republic of Germany. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 1990;116:100.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">23. Карачунский А.И., Штакельберг А., Мякова Н.В. и др. Лечение острого лимфобластного лейкоза у детей: 6-летние результаты нерандомизированного моноцентрового исследования с минимальным сроком наблюдения 2 года. Гематол трансфузиол 1997;(5):14—8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Карачунский А.И., Штакельберг А., Мякова Н.В. и др. Лечение острого лимфобластного лейкоза у детей: 6-летние результаты нерандомизированного моноцентрового исследования с минимальным сроком наблюдения 2 года. Гематол трансфузиол 1997;(5):14—8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B24"><label>24.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">24. Мякова Н.В., Карачунский А.И. Штакельберг А. и др. Сравнительный анализ токсичности полихимиотерапии острого лимфобластного лейкоза у детей по протоколам ALL-BFM-90m и ALL-MB-91. Педиатрия 1997;(4): 29—33.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мякова Н.В., Карачунский А.И. Штакельберг А. и др. Сравнительный анализ токсичности полихимиотерапии острого лимфобластного лейкоза у детей по протоколам ALL-BFM-90m и ALL-MB-91. Педиатрия 1997;(4): 29—33.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B25"><label>25.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">25. Von Stackelberg A., Karachunsky A., Miakova N. et al. Toxicity, supportive care and costs of two chemotherapy protocols for treatment of childhood ALL in Russia: BFM-90m and MB-91. Eur J Cancer 1999;35:1349—55.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Von Stackelberg A., Karachunsky A., Miakova N. et al. Toxicity, supportive care and costs of two chemotherapy protocols for treatment of childhood ALL in Russia: BFM-90m and MB-91. Eur J Cancer 1999;35:1349—55.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B26"><label>26.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">26. Карачунский А.И. Стратегия терапии острого лимфобластного лейкоза у детей. Автореф. докт. … мед. наук. М., 1999.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Карачунский А.И. Стратегия терапии острого лимфобластного лейкоза у детей. Автореф. докт. … мед. наук. М., 1999.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B27"><label>27.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">27. Bleyer W.A. Biology and pathogenesis of CNS leukemia. Am J Pediatr Hem Oncol 1989;11(1):57—63.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bleyer W.A. Biology and pathogenesis of CNS leukemia. Am J Pediatr Hem Oncol 1989;11(1):57—63.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B28"><label>28.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">28. Henze G., Langermann H.-J., Braemswig J. et al. Ergebnisse der Studie BFM 76/79 zur Behandlung der akuten lymphoblastischen Leukämie bei Kindern und Jugendlichen. Klin Pädiatrie 1981;193:145—54.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Henze G., Langermann H.-J., Braemswig J. et al. Ergebnisse der Studie BFM 76/79 zur Behandlung der akuten lymphoblastischen Leukämie bei Kindern und Jugendlichen. Klin Pädiatrie 1981;193:145—54.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B29"><label>29.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">29. Reiter A., Schrappe M., Ludwig W. et al. Chemotherapy in 998 unselected childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients. Results and conclusions of the multicenter trial ALL-BFM 86. Blood 1994;84:3122—33.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Reiter A., Schrappe M., Ludwig W. et al. Chemotherapy in 998 unselected childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients. Results and conclusions of the multicenter trial ALL-BFM 86. Blood 1994;84:3122—33.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B30"><label>30.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">30. Veerman A.J.P., Hahlen K., Kamps W.A. et al. Dutch Childhood Leukemia Study Group: Early results of study ALL VI (1984—1988). Haematol Blood Transfus 1990;33:473—7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Veerman A.J.P., Hahlen K., Kamps W.A. et al. Dutch Childhood Leukemia Study Group: Early results of study ALL VI (1984—1988). Haematol Blood Transfus 1990;33:473—7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B31"><label>31.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">31. Veerman A.J.P., Hahlen K., Kamps W.A. et al. High cure rate with a moderately intensive treatment regimen in non-highrisk childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Results of protocol ALL-VI from the Dutch Leukemia Study Group. J Clin Oncol 1996;14:911—8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Veerman A.J.P., Hahlen K., Kamps W.A. et al. High cure rate with a moderately intensive treatment regimen in non-highrisk childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Results of protocol ALL-VI from the Dutch Leukemia Study Group. J Clin Oncol 1996;14:911—8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B32"><label>32.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">32. Clavell L.A., Gelber R.D., Cohen H.J. et al. Four-agent induction and intensive asparaginase therapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. N Engl J Med 1986;315:657—63.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Clavell L.A., Gelber R.D., Cohen H.J. et al. Four-agent induction and intensive asparaginase therapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. N Engl J Med 1986;315:657—63.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B33"><label>33.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">33. Barr R.D., DeVeber L.L., Pai K.M. et al. Management of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia by the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Protocols. Am J Pediatr Hem Oncol 1992;14:136—9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Barr R.D., DeVeber L.L., Pai K.M. et al. Management of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia by the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Protocols. Am J Pediatr Hem Oncol 1992;14:136—9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B34"><label>34.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">34. Schorin M.A., Blattner S., Gelber R. et al. Treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Results of Dana-Farber Institute/Children’s Hospital Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Consortium Protocol 85-01. J Clin Oncol 1994;12:740—7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schorin M.A., Blattner S., Gelber R. et al. Treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Results of Dana-Farber Institute/Children’s Hospital Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Consortium Protocol 85-01. J Clin Oncol 1994;12:740—7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B35"><label>35.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">35. Карачунский А.И., Мякова Н.В., Тимаков А.М. и др. Результаты мультицентрового исследования лечения острого лимфобластного лейкоза у детей — ALL-MB-91/ALL-BFM-90m: анализ эффективности и токсичности. Тер арх 2007;79(7):19—26.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Карачунский А.И., Мякова Н.В., Тимаков А.М. и др. Результаты мультицентрового исследования лечения острого лимфобластного лейкоза у детей — ALL-MB-91/ALL-BFM-90m: анализ эффективности и токсичности. Тер арх 2007;79(7):19—26.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list></back></article>
