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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Oncohematology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Oncohematology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Онкогематология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1818-8346</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-4023</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">712</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1818-8346-2008-0-3-8-17</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HEMATOLOGIC MALIGNANCIES: TREATMENT</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ГЕМОБЛАСТОЗОВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Efficiency of therapy for acute promyelocytic leukemia in children, by using all-trance retinoic acid, cytosine arabinoside, and smaller-dose anthracyclines</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Эффективность терапии острого промиелоцитарного лейкоза у детей с использованием полностью трансретиноевой кислоты, цитозин-арабинозида и сниженных доз антрациклинов</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Samochatova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самочатова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Baidildina</surname><given-names>D. D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Байдильдина</surname><given-names>Д. Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Maschan</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Масчан</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Savva</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савва</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="BY">Belarus</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Minsk</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минск</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khlebnikova</surname><given-names>O. P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хлебникова</surname><given-names>О. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yekaterinburg</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shamardina</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шамардина</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nizhni Novgorod</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нижний Новгород</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mareiko</surname><given-names>Yu. E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Марейко</surname><given-names>Ю. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="BY">Belarus</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Minsk</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минск</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsaur</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цаур</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yekaterinburg</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Riger</surname><given-names>T. O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ригер</surname><given-names>Т. О.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yekaterinburg</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shneider</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шнейдер</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rumyantseva</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Румянцева</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nasedkina</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Наседкина</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Savitskaya</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савицкая</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="BY">Belarus</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Minsk</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минск</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Maschan</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Масчан</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Federal Research Clinical Centre of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГУ Федеральный научно-клинический центр детской гематологии/онкологии и иммунологии</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Children’s Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российская детская клиническая больница</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Republican Centre for Pediatric Oncology and Hematology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Республиканский научно-практический центр детской гематологии/онкологии</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Unit of Hematology and Oncology, Regional Children’s Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Областная детская клиническая больница, отдел гематологии/онкологии</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Regional Children’s Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Областная детская клиническая больница</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff6"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Center of Specialized Heath Cares «Institute of Medical Cellular Technologies»</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГУЗ СО Центр&#13;
специализированных видов медицинской помощи «Институт медицинских клеточных технологий»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff7"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Laboratory of Biochips, V.A. Engelgardt Research Institute of Molecular Biology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">НИИ молекулярной биологии им. В.А. Энгельгардта РАН, лаборатория биочипов</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2008-08-24" publication-format="electronic"><day>24</day><month>08</month><year>2008</year></pub-date><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>8</fpage><lpage>17</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-11-24"><day>24</day><month>11</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-11-24"><day>24</day><month>11</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-year>2008</copyright-year><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://oncohematology.abvpress.ru/ongm/article/view/712">https://oncohematology.abvpress.ru/ongm/article/view/712</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The use of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) drastically improved the results of therapy for acute promyelocytic leukeimia (APL). The high efficiency of the Russian protocol APL-93—98 applied to 62 children and adolescents with APL (event-free and overall survival (EFS and OS) were 84±5% respectively with a relapse rate of 7%) was achieved, by administering the high cumulative dose of daunoruicin (495 mg/m2) and single doses of АТRА (45 mg/m2). In this connection, the APL-2003 protocol attempted to reduce both acute and chronic toxicity of the therapy, by decreasing the cumulative dose of daunorubicin to 405 mg/m2 and the single dose of АТRА to 25 mg/m2 under regular control of minimal residual disease via molecular monitoring of the specific transcript PML/RARα. Analysis of the results of treatment in 61 patients aged 1.3 to 17 years (median 11.3) showed that despite of the reduced protocol intensity, the efficiency of therapy did not generally reduce — EFS and OS were 79±6 and 93±3%, respectively. The likelihood of the development of a relapse was significantly affected by molecular resistance, i.e. the retention of the transcript PML/RARα before a phase of maintenance therapy: the recurrence risk in this group was 57% whereas there were no differences in all cure rates between the patients depending on baseline leukocytosis. All 6 patients with relapses were treated with arsenic trioxide, resulting in not only clinical and hematological, but also molecular remissions; thereafter the patients received myeloablative therapy and autologous hemopoietic stem cell transplantation. The second remission lasted 3 to 24 months. Thus, reducing the cumulative dose of anthracyclines and the dose of АТRА did not make the results of the therapy for APL worse. The monitoring of minimal residual disease before and during maintenance therapy is a mandatory component of successful treatment in APL patients. Arsenic trioxide is an effective agent for the treatment of APL relapses.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Использование полностью трансретиноевой кислоты (all-trance retinoic acid — ATRA) резко улучшило результаты терапии острого промиелоцитарного лейкоза (ОПЛ). Высокая эффективность российского протокола ОПЛ-93—98 у 62 детей и подростков с ОПЛ (бессобытийная — БСВ и общая — ОВ выживаемость составили 84±5% при частоте рецидивов 7%) была достигнута за счет применения высоких суммарных доз даунорубицина (495 мг/м2) и разовых доз АТRА (45 мг/м2). В связи с этим в протоколе ОПЛ-2003 сделана попытка уменьшить как острую, так и долгосрочную токсичность терапии за счет снижения суммарной дозы даунорубицина до 405 мг/м2 и разовой дозы АТRА до 25 мг/м2 при регулярном контроле минимальной резидуальной болезни с помощью молекулярного мониторинга специфического транскрипта PML/RARα. Анализ результатов лечения 61 больного (возраст от 1,3 года до 17 лет; медиана — 11,3 года) показал, что, несмотря на уменьшение интенсивности протокола, эффективность терапии в целом не снизилась — БСВ и ОВ составили 79±6 и 93±3% соответственно. Достоверное влияние на прогноз вероятности развития рецидива имеет молекулярная резистентность, т.е. сохранение транскрипта PML/RARα перед фазой поддерживающей терапии: вероятность рецидивирования в этой группе составляет 57%, тогда как различий по всем показателям эффективности между больными в зависимости от инициального лейкоцитоза нет. Всем 6 пациентам с рецидивами на протоколе ОПЛ-2003 проведена терапия триоксидом мышьяка и у всех получена не только клинико-гематологическая, но и молекулярная ремиссия, после достижения которой им были назначены миелоаблятивная терапия и аутологичная трансплантация гемопоэтических стволовых клеток. Вторая ремиссия продолжается от 3 до 24 мес. Таким образом, снижение суммарной дозы антрациклинов и уменьшение дозы АТRА не ухудшили результатов терапии ОПЛ. Мониторинг минимальной резидуальной болезни перед началом поддерживающей терапии и в процессе ее проведения — обязательный компонент успешного лечения пациентов с ОПЛ. Триоксид мышьяка является эффективным препаратом для лечения рецидивов ОПЛ.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>acute promyelocytic leukemia</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>adolescents</kwd><kwd>recurrence</kwd><kwd>molecular monitoring</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>острый промиелоцитарный лейкоз</kwd><kwd>дети и подростки</kwd><kwd>рецидив</kwd><kwd>молекулярный мониторинг</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">1. Bennett J.M., Catovsky D., Daniel M.T. et al. Proposals for the classification of the acute leukemias. 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