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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Oncohematology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Oncohematology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Онкогематология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1818-8346</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-4023</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">527</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1818-8346-2022-17-1-121-134</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SUPPORTIVE THERAPY ASPECTS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АСПЕКТЫ ПОДДЕРЖИВАЮЩЕЙ ТЕРАПИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Bloodstream infections in different stage of reconstitution after first allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Инфекции кровотока в разные фазы реконституции у больных после первой трансплантации аллогенных гемопоэтических стволовых клеток</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9646-690X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Akhmedov</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахмедов</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Mobil I</bold><bold>.</bold><bold> Akhmedov</bold></p><p><italic>4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd, Moscow 125167</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Мобил Илгарович Ахмедов </bold></p><p><italic>125167 Москва, Новый Зыковский проезд, 4 </italic></p></bio><email>mobilakhmedov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5973-5763</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Klyasova</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Клясова</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd, Moscow 125167</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>125167 Москва, Новый Зыковский проезд, 4 </italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6177-3566</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Parovichnikova</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Паровичникова</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd, Moscow 125167</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>125167 Москва, Новый Зыковский проезд, 4 </italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6201-6276</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzmina</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузьмина</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd, Moscow 125167</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>125167 Москва, Новый Зыковский проезд, 4 </italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3919-1150</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федорова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd, Moscow 125167</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>125167 Москва, Новый Зыковский проезд, 4 </italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1739-1063</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasil’eva</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильева</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd, Moscow 125167</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>125167 Москва, Новый Зыковский проезд, 4 </italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9431-8316</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Drokov</surname><given-names>M. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дроков</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd, Moscow 125167</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>125167 Москва, Новый Зыковский проезд, 4 </italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6260-2363</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulikov</surname><given-names>S. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куликов</surname><given-names>С. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd, Moscow 125167</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>125167 Москва, Новый Зыковский проезд, 4 </italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8188-5557</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Savchenko</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савченко</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd, Moscow 125167</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>125167 Москва, Новый Зыковский проезд, 4 </italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр гематологии» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-01-29" publication-format="electronic"><day>29</day><month>01</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>121</fpage><lpage>134</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-01-29"><day>29</day><month>01</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-01-29"><day>29</day><month>01</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://oncohematology.abvpress.ru/ongm/article/view/527">https://oncohematology.abvpress.ru/ongm/article/view/527</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background</bold>. Bloodstream infections (BSI) are common after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). The objective of study was to analyze pre- and post-engraftment BSI.</p><p><bold>Materials and methods</bold>. From January 2018 till May 2021242 patients after first allo-HSCT were enrolled in the study. Median age was 35 (17–65) years. The majority of transplants were done for acute leukemias (71.9 %) in remission (91.7 %) with reduced-intensity conditioning regimens (71.5 %) and peripheral blood stem cells (74.4 %) as a graft source.</p><p><bold>Results</bold>. Of 242 patients 95 (39.2 %) developed BSI: 79 (83.2 %) developed 1 BSI episode, 16 (16.8 %) – 2 or more. Overall 113 BSI episodes were registered: 94 (82.7 %) were caused by single microorganism, 19 (17.3 %) were polymicrobial. Probability of pre-engraftment BSI was 31.0 %, post-engraftment – 11.8 %. In total 134 microorganisms were identified: 61.2 % – gram-negative and 38.8 % – gram-positive bacteria. Gram-negative BSI rate was significantly higher during post-engraftment compared to pre-engraftment phase (57.7 % vs. 70.3 %; р = 0.008). Major risk factor for pre-engraftment BSI was mismatched unrelated allo-HSCTs (hazard ratio (HR) 2.55; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.32–4.91; р = 0.03), for post-engraftment BSI – secondary poor graft function (HR 21.70; 95 % CI 7.95–59.24; р &lt;0.0001) and graft failure (HR 21.55; 95 % CI 6.27–74.08; р &lt;0.0001), and gut graft-versus-host disease (HR 12.90; 95 % CI 5.77–28.80; р &lt;0.0001). Thirty-day survival after each BSI episode was 90.3 % and was significantly lower in patients with post-engraftment BSI compared to pre-engraftment (71.9 % vs. 97.5 %; р &lt;0.0001).</p><p><bold>Conclusion</bold>. Gram-negative bacteria prevailed in the etiology of BSI. The main risk factors for pre-engraftment BSI was allo-HSCT from mismatched unrelated donors, for post-engraftment BSI – secondary poor graft function and graft failure. Post-engraftment BSI is associated with worse prognosis.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение</bold>. Инфекции кровотока (ИК) – частое осложнение после аллогенной трансплантации гемопоэтических столовых клеток (алло-ТГСК).</p><p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> – изучение ИК после первой алло-ТГСК до и после приживления трансплантата.</p><p><bold>Материалы и методы</bold>. С января 2018 г. по май 2021 г. в исследование были включены 242 пациента после первой алло-ТГСК. Медиана возраста составила 35 (17–65) лет. Большинство трансплантаций было выполнено по поводу острых лейкозов (71,9 %) в ремиссии (91,7 %) с использованием режимов кондиционирования пониженной интенсивности (71,5 %) и стволовых клеток периферической крови (74,4 %).</p><p><bold>Результаты</bold>. ИК возникли у 95 (39,2 %) из 242 пациентов, у 79 (83,2 %) из них был 1 эпизод ИК, у 16 (16,8 %) – 2 эпизода и более. Всего зафиксировано 113 эпизодов ИК: одним микроорганизмом были вызваны 94 (82,7 %) эпизода, двумя и более – 19 (17,3 %). Вероятность возникновения ИК до приживления трансплантата составила 31,0 %, после приживления – 11,8 %. Было выделено 134 микроорганизма, 61,2 % из них – грамотрицательные, 38,8 % – грамположительные бактерии. После приживления трансплантата по сравнению с фазой до приживления отмечалось значимое увеличение частоты грамотрицательных возбудителей ИК с 57,7 до 70,3 % (р = 0,008). Значимыми факторами риска развития ИК до приживления трансплантата являлись трансплантации от неродственных частично совместимых доноров (отношение рисков (ОР) 2,55; 95 % доверительный интервал (ДИ) 1,32–4,91; р = 0,03), после приживления – вторичная несостоятельность трансплантата (ОР 21,70; 95 % ДИ 7,95–59,24; р &lt;0,0001), вторичная гипофункция трансплантата (ОР 21,55; 95 % ДИ 6,27–74,08; р &lt;0,0001) и развитие острой реакции «трансплантат против хозяина» с поражением кишечника (ОР 12,90; 95 % ДИ 5,77–28,80; р &lt;0,0001). Выживаемость в течение 30 дней после всех эпизодов ИК составила 90,3 % и была ниже при ИК после приживления трансплантата по сравнению с фазой до приживления (71,9 % против 97,5 % соответственно; р &lt;0,0001).</p><p><bold>Заключение</bold>. Среди возбудителей ИК преобладали грамотрицательные бактерии. Значимыми факторами риска развития ИК до приживления трансплантата являлись трансплантации от неродственных частично совместимых доноров, после приживления – развитие вторичной несостоятельности и вторичной гипофункции трансплантата. Развитие ИК после приживления трансплантата было сопряжено с неблагоприятным прогнозом.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bloodstream infections</kwd><kwd>bacteriemia</kwd><kwd>allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation</kwd><kwd>risk factor</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>инфекции кровотока</kwd><kwd>бактериемия</kwd><kwd>аллогенная трансплантация гемопоэтических стволовых клеток</kwd><kwd>фактор риска</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Busca A., Cavecchia I., Locatelli F. et al. Blood stream infections after allogeneic stem cell transplantation: a single-center experience with the use of levofloxacin prophylaxis. 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