OncohematologyOncohematologyОнкогематология1818-83462413-4023Publishing House ABV Press48410.17650/1818-8346-2021-16-3-26-32DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF MULTIPLE MYELOДИАГНОСТИКА И ЛЕЧЕНИЕ МНОЖЕСТВЕННОЙ МИЕЛОМЫThe role of bone marrow microenvironment in the progression of multiple myeloma from monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significanceРоль микроокружения костного мозга в прогрессии множественной миеломы из моноклональной гаммапатии неясного генезаhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4983-5693KhudovekovaA. S.ХудовековаА. С.
Russian Federation

Aleksandra S. Khudovekova

28 Krupskoy St., Smolensk 214019

Александра Станиславовна Худовекова

214019 Смоленск, ул. Крупской, 28

thioglycol@mail.ruRudenkoYa. A.РуденкоЯ. А.
Russian Federation

28 Krupskoy St., Smolensk 214019,

27 Prospekt Gagarina, Smolensk 214018

214019 Смоленск, ул. Крупской, 28,

214018 Смоленск, проспект Гагарина, 27

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6224-0136DorosevichA. E.ДоросевичА. Е.
Russian Federation

28 Krupskoy St., Smolensk 214019,

27 Prospekt Gagarina, Smolensk 214018

214019 Смоленск, ул. Крупской, 28,

214018 Смоленск, проспект Гагарина, 27

Smolensk State Medical University, Ministry of Health of RussiaФГБОУ ВО «Смоленский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава РоссииSmolensk Regional Institute of PathologyОГБУЗ «Смоленский областной институт патологии»1009202116326320909202109092021https://oncohematology.abvpress.ru/ongm/article/view/484

Multiple myeloma is a tumor of plasma cells, one of the most common malignant blood diseases. It is preceded by a stage called monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, from which true multiple myeloma develops in only a small percentage of cases. It was assumed that this process is associated with the accumulation of genetic mutations, but in recent years there is increasing evidence that the bone marrow microenvironment plays a key role in progression and that it can become a target for therapy that prevents the myeloma development. The review considers the role of mesenchymal stem cells, immune system cells, endotheliocytes, fibroblasts, adipocytes, osteoclasts and osteoblasts in multiple myeloma progression, as well as the impact of the sympathetic nervous system and microbiome composition.

Множественная миелома – опухоль из плазматических клеток, одно из наиболее распространенных злокачественных заболеваний крови. Ей предшествует стадия, называемая моноклональной гаммапатией неясного генеза, из которой лишь в небольшом проценте случаев развивается полноценная множественная миелома. Было принято считать, что этот процесс связан с накоплением генетических мутаций, но в последние годы появляется все больше доказательств того, что ключевую роль в прогрессии играет микроокружение костного мозга и именно оно может стать мишенью для терапии, предупреждающей развитие миеломы. В обзоре рассмотрена роль мезенхимальных стволовых клеток, клеток иммунной системы, эндотелиоцитов, фибробластов, адипоцитов, остеокластов и остеобластов в прогрессии множественной миеломы, а также влияния симпатической нервной системы и состава микробиома.

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