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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Oncohematology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Oncohematology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Онкогематология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1818-8346</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-4023</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">442</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1818-8346-2020-15-4-18-28</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF HEMOBLASTOSES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИАГНОСТИКА И ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ГЕМОБЛАСТОЗОВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Expression features of antigens involved in the formation of immunological synapse in splenic marginal zone lymphoma</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Особенности экспрессии антигенов, участвующих в формировании иммунологического синапса, при лимфоме из клеток маргинальной зоны селезенки</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4223-2366</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Badmazhapova</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бадмажапова</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd, Moscow 125167</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Дарима Сэмункоевна Бадмажапова </bold></p><p><italic>125167 Москва, Новый Зыковский проезд, 4 </italic></p><p> </p></bio><email>badmazhapova-darima@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8490-6066</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Galtseva</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гальцева</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd, Moscow 125167</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>125167 Москва, Новый Зыковский проезд, 4 </italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2639-7419</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zvonkov</surname><given-names>E. E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Звонков</surname><given-names>Е. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd, Moscow 125167</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>125167 Москва, Новый Зыковский проезд, 4 </italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5932-0285</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Davydova</surname><given-names>Yu. O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Давыдова</surname><given-names>Ю. О.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd, Moscow 125167</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>125167 Москва, Новый Зыковский проезд, 4 </italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6512-910X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kapranov</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Капранов</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd, Moscow 125167</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>125167 Москва, Новый Зыковский проезд, 4 </italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9591-8508</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Moiseeva</surname><given-names>T. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Моисеева</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd, Moscow 125167</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>125167 Москва, Новый Зыковский проезд, 4 </italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1082-8659</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovrigina</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковригина</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd, Moscow 125167</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>125167 Москва, Новый Зыковский проезд, 4 </italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Julhakyan</surname><given-names>U. L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Джулакян</surname><given-names>У. Л.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd, Moscow 125167</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>125167 Москва, Новый Зыковский проезд, 4 </italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Danishyan</surname><given-names>K. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Данишян</surname><given-names>К. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd, Moscow 125167</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>125167 Москва, Новый Зыковский проезд, 4 </italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3677-0480</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sabirov</surname><given-names>K. R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сабиров</surname><given-names>К. Р.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd, Moscow 125167</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>125167 Москва, Новый Зыковский проезд, 4 </italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6177-3566</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Parovichnikova</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Паровичникова</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd, Moscow 125167</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>125167 Москва, Новый Зыковский проезд, 4 </italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Savchenko</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савченко</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd, Moscow 125167</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>125167 Москва, Новый Зыковский проезд, 4 </italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр гематологии» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-12-07" publication-format="electronic"><day>07</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>18</fpage><lpage>28</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-12-06"><day>06</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2020-12-06"><day>06</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://oncohematology.abvpress.ru/ongm/article/view/442">https://oncohematology.abvpress.ru/ongm/article/view/442</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background</bold>. Splenic marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL) is an indolent non-Hodgkin’s B-cell lymphoma. It presents morphologically by mature lymphoid B-cells. They conform to these immunological characteristics of marginal zone lymphocytes from secondary follicles. The tumor B-cells of SMZL do not have specific markers of immunophenotype and requires the exclusion of other non-Hodgkin’s B-cell lymphomas. There is an annual increase in the incidence of SMZL. There are refractory forms and progressive course of the SMZL. There is a huge variety of the mechanisms of evading tumor cells from immunological control. Unlike solid tumors, B-lymphoproliferative diseases are characterized by the expression of HLA I/II and co-stimulatory molecules (CD80 and CD86). Therefore, tumor B-lymphocytes can act as antigen-presenting cells (APC) for T lymphocytes. The T-cell immune response is known to play an important role in antitumor control. It is known that effective activation of T-lymphocytes requires the formation of an immunological synapse and the presence of two activation signals (antigen recognition and co-stimulation of CD28-CD80/86). According to the modern concept of tumor development, there is a gradual selection of tumor clones. As a result, only tumor cells that are invisible to the immune system remain. Mechanisms of evasion of tumor B-cells of SMZL from immune surveillance are currently not fully understood and are being actively studied.</p><p><bold>Objective</bold>: to study the expression features of antigens involved in the formation of immunological synapse in patients with SMZL in peripheral blood.</p><p><bold>Materials and methods</bold>. The study includes 10 primary SMZL patients; all patients have stage IV according to the Ann Arbor classification. Splenectomy was performed for all patients as a first stage of treatment. Two patients had progression of SMZL after splenectomy, which required chemotherapy. The control group included 25 healthy donors. Peripheral blood was used as a material for analysis. The study was conducted on a 6-color BD FACS Canto II flow cytometer (BD Biosciences, USA) immediately after diagnosis.</p><p><bold>Results</bold>. Tumor B-cells of SMZL are different from B-cells of healthy donors with a greater proportion of CD80<sup>+</sup>, FAS<sup>+</sup>, PD-1<sup>+</sup>-cells, which may correspond to activated B-cells. The proportion of CD4+PD-1+ and CD8<sup>+</sup>PD-1<sup>+</sup> T-cells in patients with SMZL was higher in comparison with the control group. There was a large proportion of T-cells expressing PD-1 in the group of patients with SMZL progression after splenectomy in comparison with the group of patients with indolent course of SMZL. Conclusion. Thereby, tumor B-cells of the SMZL retains the features of non-tumor analogues. The most significant mechanism for evading immune surveillance in an SMZL is inhibition of the T-cell immunity via the PD-1–PD-L1 pathway. The most pronounced inhibition of T-cell immunity causes an uncontrolled tumor process.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение</bold>. Лимфома из клеток маргинальной зоны селезенки (ЛМЗС) – индолентная неходжкинская В-клеточная лимфома, представленная морфологически зрелыми В-клетками, которые формируют маргинальную зону фолликулов белой пульпы селезенки. Опухолевые В-клетки ЛМЗС не имеют специфичных иммунофенотипических маркеров и, как правило, данный диагноз требует исключения других неходжкинских В-клеточных лимфом. Несмотря на индолентное течение ЛМЗС, встречаются рефрактерные формы и прогрессирующее течение заболевания, при этом отмечается ежегодный рост заболеваемости ЛМЗС. Механизмы уклонения опухолевых клеток от иммунологического контроля разнообразны. Обнаружено, что для В-лимфопролиферативных заболеваний характерна экспрессия антигенов гистосовместимости HLA I/II класса и костимуляторных молекул CD80 и CD86. Таким образом, опухолевые В-лимфоциты могут выступать в качестве антигенпрезентирующих клеток для Т-лимфоцитов. Т-клеточный иммунный ответ играет важную роль в противоопухолевом контроле. Известно, что для адекватной активации Т-лимфоцитов требуется формирование иммунологического синапса и наличие 2 активационных сигналов (распознавание антигена и костимуляция CD28-CD80/86). Согласно современной концепции развития опухолевых заболеваний происходит постепенная селекция опухолевых клонов, в результате чего остаются лишь «невидимые» для иммунной системы опухолевые клетки. Механизмы уклонения опухолевых В-клеток ЛМЗС от иммунного надзора в настоящее время до конца не изучены.</p><p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> – изучить особенности экспрессии антигенов, входящих в состав иммунологического синапса, у больных ЛМЗС в периферической крови.</p><p><bold>Материалы и методы</bold>. В исследование включены 10 пациентов с впервые установленным диагнозом ЛМЗС. У всех пациентов определена IV стадия заболевания по классификации Ann Arbor. На 1-м этапе лечения всем пациентам была выполнена спленэктомия. У 2 пациентов выявлено прогрессирование ЛМЗС после спленэктомии, что потребовало проведения химиотерапии. В контрольную группу вошли 25 здоровых доноров. В качестве материала для анализа использовали периферическую кровь. Исследование проводили однократно в дебюте заболевания на 6-цветном проточном цитофлуориметре BD FACSCanto II (BD Biosciences, США).</p><p><bold>Результаты</bold>. Опухолевые В-клетки ЛМЗС отличаются от В-клеток здоровых доноров большей долей клеток CD80+, FAS<sup>+</sup>, PD-1<sup>+</sup>, что указывает на активированное состояние В-клеток при ЛМЗС. Доля Т-клеток CD4<sup>+</sup>PD-1<sup>+</sup> и CD8<sup>+</sup>PD-1+ у пациентов с ЛМЗС была выше по сравнению с таковой в контрольной группе. У пациентов с ЛМЗС с наличием прогрессии после спленэктомии отмечалась бόльшая доля Т-клеток, экспрессирующих PD-1, по сравнению с пациентами с индолентным течением ЛМЗС. Заключение. Таким образом, наиболее значимым механизмом уклонения от иммунного надзора при ЛМЗС является подавление функции Т-лимфоцитов через взаимодействие PD-1–PD-L1. Наиболее выраженное угнетение Т-клеточного звена иммунитета вызывает неконтролируемое течение опухолевого процесса.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>splenic marginal zone lymphoma</kwd><kwd>immunological synapse</kwd><kwd>immune response in lymphomas</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лимфома из клеток маргинальной зоны селезенки</kwd><kwd>иммунологический синапс</kwd><kwd>иммунный ответ при лимфомах</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Swerdlow S.H., Campo E., Harris N.L. et al. WHO Classification of Tumours of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues, 2017. Pp. 291–297.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Julhakyan U.L., Grinshpun L.D. Splenic lymphoma form marginal zone cells (spleen lymphocytoma) in elderly patients: clinical features, diagnosis, treatment. In: Geriatric hematology. 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