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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Oncohematology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Oncohematology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Онкогематология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1818-8346</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-4023</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">429</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1818-8346-2020-15-3-38-50</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF HEMOBLASTOSES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИАГНОСТИКА И ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ГЕМОБЛАСТОЗОВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The importance of serum immunoglobulin free light chain assessment for predicting outcome in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma in real clinical practice</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Значение исследования сывороточных свободных легких цепей иммуноглобулинов для прогнозирования исхода у пациентов с впервые диагностированной множественной миеломой в условиях реальной клинической практики</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6938-3802</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Skvortsova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скворцова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>52 Krasnyy Prospekt, 630091 Novosibirsk, Russia</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Наталия Валерьевна Скворцова</bold></p><p><italic>Россия, 630091 Новосибирск, Красный проспект, 52</italic></p></bio><email>nata_sk78@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovynev</surname><given-names>I. B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковынев</surname><given-names>И. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>52 Krasnyy Prospekt, 630091 Novosibirsk, Russia</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>Россия, 630091 Новосибирск, Красный проспект, 52</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Halzov</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хальзов</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>52 Krasnyy Prospekt, 630091 Novosibirsk, Russia</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>Россия, 630091 Новосибирск, Красный проспект, 52</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pospelova</surname><given-names>T. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поспелова</surname><given-names>Т. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>52 Krasnyy Prospekt, 630091 Novosibirsk, Russia</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>Россия, 630091 Новосибирск, Красный проспект, 52</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Novosibirsk State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-10-16" publication-format="electronic"><day>16</day><month>10</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>38</fpage><lpage>50</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-10-14"><day>14</day><month>10</month><year>2020</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2020-10-14"><day>14</day><month>10</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://oncohematology.abvpress.ru/ongm/article/view/429">https://oncohematology.abvpress.ru/ongm/article/view/429</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background.</bold> The prognosis of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) is significantly different depending on the biological characteristics of the tumor substrate, the microenvironment of the bone marrow, as well as factors associated with the patient’s body. Therefore, the search for new reliable and easily identifiable prognostic markers is relevant for the effective management of patients with this disease.</p><p><bold>The objective of the study</bold> was to assess the prognostic value of the study of serum free light chains (FLC) of immunoglobulins κ and λ and their ratio κ / λ FLC in the blood serum of patients with newly diagnosed MM in real clinical practice.</p><p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> 369 patients with first diagnosed MM (134 men and 235 women) were examined who were hospitalized in the hematology department of the City Clinical Hospital No. 2 Novosibirsk in the period since January 2012 to December 2017. The median age of the patients was 67 (32–82) years. All patients received induction courses of chemotherapy based on bortezomib. The control group consisted of 56 conditionally healthy individuals: 34 women (60.7 %) and 22 (39.3 %) men with a median age of 62 (40–68) years. The concentration of FLC-κ and FLC-λ (mg / L) in blood serum was determined by immunoturbidimetric method on a Hitachi 911 automated biochemical analyzer using the Freelite Human Lambda and Freelite Human Kappa reagent kits (Binding Site, Great Britain).</p><p><bold>Results.</bold> It was found that in patients with MM, the concentration of serum FLC-κ or FLC-λ was statistically significantly higher compared to the control group and varied depending on the type of MM (p &lt;0.001). The diagnostic sensitivity of the quantitative determination of FLC and their ratio for MM was 98.64 %, compared with 94.04 % in a standard immunochemical study. The values of the ratio κ / λ FLC &lt;0.04 or&gt; 65, as well as the concentration of FLC-κ and FLC-λ are higher than the median obtained in the whole group (FLC-κ ≥702 mg / L and FLC-λ ≥493.2 mg / L), correlate with known factors of poor prognosis for MM (with a high concentration of β2‑microglobulin (&gt;3.5 mg / L) (r = 0.461; p &lt;0.001), plasma cell bone marrow infiltration &gt;60 % (r = 0.420; p &lt;0.001), renal failure (creatinine &gt;177 μmol / L) (r = 0.380; p = 0.002), and also with high lactate dehydrogenase activity (&gt;450 U / L) (r = 0.520; p &lt;0.001) and is associated with poor outcomes. The median overall survival in the group of patients with κ / λ FLC &lt;0.04 or &gt;65 was 49 months compared to 76 months in the group with κ / λ FLC 0.04–65 (log-rank p = 0.012).</p><p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> The determination of free FLC in the blood serum of patients with MM can be used to assess the prognosis of their survival. The value of the κ / λ FLC ratio &lt;0.04 or &gt;65 allows us to divide patients with MM into risk groups with significantly different outcomes and can be used to identify patients at high risk who need more aggressive therapy and more detailed monitoring of the response.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> Прогноз при множественной миеломе (ММ) значительно отличается в зависимости от биологических характеристик опухолевого субстрата, микроокружения костного мозга, а также факторов, связанных с организмом больного. Поэтому поиск новых надежных и легко определяемых прогностических маркеров является актуальным для эффективного ведения пациентов с данным заболеванием.</p><p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> – оценка прогностического значения исследования сывороточных свободных легких цепей (СЛЦ) иммуноглобулинов κ и λ и их соотношения κ / λ в сыворотке крови пациентов с впервые диагностированной ММ в условиях реальной клинической практики.</p><p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Обследованы 369 пациентов с впервые диагностированной ММ (134 мужчины и 235 женщин), госпитализированных в отделение гематологии Городской клинической больницы № 2 г. Новосибирска в период с января 2012 г. по декабрь 2017 г. Медиана возраста больных составила 67 (32–82) лет. Все пациенты получали индукционные курсы химиотерапии на основе бортезомиба. Группу контроля составили 56 условно здоровых лиц (34 женщины (60,7 %) и 22 (39,3 %) мужчины) с медианой возраста 62 (40–68) года. Концентрации СЛЦ-κ и СЛЦ-λ (мг / л) в сыворотке крови определяли иммунотурбидиметрическим методом на автоматическом биохимическом анализаторе Hitachi 911 с помощью набора реактивов Freelite Human Lambda и Freelite Human Kappa (Binding Site, Великобритания).</p><p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Установлено, что у больных ММ концентрации сывороточных СЛЦ-κ и СЛЦ-λ статистически значимо выше по сравнению с таковыми в группе контроля и различались в зависимости от типа ММ (p &lt;0,001). Диагностическая чувствительность количественного определения СЛЦ и их соотношения при ММ составила 98,64 % против 94,04 % при стандартном иммунохимическом исследовании. Значения соотношения СЛЦ κ / λ &lt;0,04 или &gt;65, а также концентрации СЛЦ-κ и СЛЦ-λ выше медианы, полученной в целом по группе (СЛЦ-κ ≥702 мг / л и СЛЦ-λ ≥493,2 мг / л), коррелируют с известными факторами неблагоприятного прогноза при ММ (с высокой концентрацией β2‑микроглобулина (&gt;3,5 мг / л) (r = 0,461; р &lt;0,001), плазмоклеточной инфильтрацией костного мозга &gt;60 % (r = 0,420; р &lt;0,001), почечной недостаточностью (уровень креатинина &gt;177 мкмоль / л) (r = 0,380; р = 0,002), а также с высокой активностью лактатдегидрогеназы (&gt;450 Ед / л) (r = 0,520; р &lt;0,001)) и ассоциируются с неблагоприятным исходом. Медиана общей выживаемости в группе пациентов с соотношением СЛЦ κ / λ &lt;0,04 или &gt;65 составила 49 мес против 76 мес в группе больных с соотношением СЛЦ κ / λ 0,04–65 (log-rank р = 0,012).</p><p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Определение уровня свободных СЛЦ в сыворотке крови больных ММ может быть использовано для оценки прогноза их выживаемости. Значение соотношения СЛЦ κ / λ &lt;0,04 или &gt;65 позволяет разделить пациентов с ММ на группы риска с достоверно различающимися исходами и может применяться для выявления больных с высоким риском, нуждающихся в более агрессивной терапии и детальном мониторинге ответа.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>multiple myeloma</kwd><kwd>free light chains of immunoglobulins</kwd><kwd>diagnosis</kwd><kwd>prognosis</kwd><kwd>overall survival</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>множественная миелома</kwd><kwd>свободные легкие цепи иммуноглобулинов</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd><kwd>прогноз</kwd><kwd>общая выживаемость</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Rajkumar S.V. Multiple myeloma: 2016 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and management. Am J Hematol 2016; 91(7):719–34. 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