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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Oncohematology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Oncohematology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Онкогематология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1818-8346</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-4023</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">419</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1818-8346-2020-15-2-61-75</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RARE HEMATOLOGICAL DISEASES: DIAGNOSTIC DIFFICULTIES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РЕДКИЕ ГЕМАТОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯ: ТРУДНОСТИ ДИАГНОСТИКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Erdheim–Chester disease. Literature review and clinical case</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Болезнь Эрдгейма–Честера Обзор литературы и клинический случай</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8476-7879</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Krylov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крылов</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Александр Сергеевич Крылов </bold></p><p><italic>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</italic></p><p> </p></bio><email>krilovas@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3930-5998</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dolgushin</surname><given-names>M. B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Долгушин</surname><given-names>М. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9571-801X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryzhkov</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рыжков</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3576-6156</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Odzharova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Оджарова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2571-3894</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shchipakhina</surname><given-names>Ya. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щипахина</surname><given-names>Я. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sushentsov</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сушенцов</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bliznyukov</surname><given-names>O. P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Близнюков</surname><given-names>О. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1384-9551</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaspshik</surname><given-names>S. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каспшик</surname><given-names>С. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6891-9836</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Martinovich</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мартинович</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7297-5240</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Stroganova</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Строганова</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3315-0817</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dranko</surname><given-names>S. L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дранко</surname><given-names>С. Л.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1564-424X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zeynalova</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зейналова</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1469-2365</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Valiev</surname><given-names>T. T.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Валиев</surname><given-names>Т. Т.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-07-16" publication-format="electronic"><day>16</day><month>07</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>61</fpage><lpage>75</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-07-15"><day>15</day><month>07</month><year>2020</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2020-07-15"><day>15</day><month>07</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://oncohematology.abvpress.ru/ongm/article/view/419">https://oncohematology.abvpress.ru/ongm/article/view/419</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Erdheim–Chester disease (ECD) is a rare and frequently neglected disease, usually with a poor prognosis. The first two cases of ECD were reported by Austrian pathologist: Jakob Erdheim and his apprentice student William Chester in 1930. The etiology and disease incidence are unknown. One of the main components of this disorder is a chronic uncontrollable inflammation. Clinical manifestations of the disease can be very different. ECD affects predominantly adults, usually male population. There is no effective treatment developed yet. In 2016 ECD was classified as histiocytic neoplasm by the World Health Organization and was categorized as “tumors of histiocytes and dendritic cells”. More than half of patients testing positive for the BRAF mutation. There is a Erdheim–Chester Disease Global Alliance (ECDGA), which try to unite and provide with information about diagnostics and treatment of this rare disease both patients and doctors. Today, there are 571 registered patients and only one from Russia. The final diagnosis is made on the basis of histological finding such as infiltration with foamy histiocytes, signs of inflammation and Touton giant cells. Immunohistological analysis is usually CD68 and XIIIa positive. There are radiological finding indicating a possible association with the disease. There is this specific, almost pathognomonic scintigraphic picture of the skeleton, “coated” aorta, “hairy kidney” patterns on computer tomography. We demonstrate a clinical case of a patient with a newly diagnosed ECD with bone and connective tissue involvement, with manifestation of this disease more than 10 years ago. It took four months to make the final diagnosis. There were three biopsies and a wide range of other diagnostic procedures.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Болезнь Эрдгейма–Честера (БЭЧ) – редкое и часто игнорируемое врачами заболевание, как правило, с неблагоприятным прогнозом. Первые 2 случая БЭЧ были описаны австрийским патологом Якобом Эрдгеймом (Jakob Erdheim) и его учеником Вильямом Честером (William Chester) в 1930 г. Этиология и частота заболевания неизвестны. Хроническое неконтролируемое воспаление является основным компонентом заболевания. Болезнь чаще проявляется в среднем возрасте и встречается преимущественно у мужчин. Эффективной схемы терапии не разработано. Экспериментальные схемы лечения позволяют в некоторых случаях контролировать заболевание. В 2016 г. БЭЧ была классифицирована Всемирной организацией здравоохранения как гистиоцитарное клональное заболевание и отнесена в рубрику «опухоли из гистиоцитов и дендритных клеток». Более половины пациентов с БЭЧ имеют мутации гена BRAF. На сегодняшний день организован Глобальный альянс по изучению БЭЧ (Erdheim–Chester Disease Global Alliance, ECDGA), призванный объединить для решения проблемы диагностики и лечения заболевания как медицинских специалистов, так и пациентов, страдающих от этой патологии. В альянсе зарегистрирован 571 пациент с БЭЧ, 1 из которых из России. Окончательный диагноз ставится на основании гистологического исследования, основной характеристикой которого является наличие пенистого гистиоцитоза с признаками воспаления и гигантских клеток Тутона. При иммуногистохимическом анализе клетки положительно окрашиваются на CD68 и XIIIa. Существуют радиологические признаки, указывающие на возможную ассоциацию с заболеванием. Это специфическая, почти патогномоничная сцинтиграфическая картина скелета, «обложенная» аорта и «волосатые» почки по данным компьютерной томографии. В статье продемонстрирован клинический случай пациентки с впервые выявленной БЭЧ с поражением костей и соединительной ткани, с дебютом заболевания более 10 лет назад. Для постановки окончательного диагноза потребовалось 4 мес. Выполнен широкий перечень диагностических процедур, проведены 3 биопсии.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Erdheim–Chester disease</kwd><kwd>single-photon emission computed tomography combined with computed tomography</kwd><kwd>positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography</kwd><kwd>BRAF</kwd><kwd>rare clinical case</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>болезнь Эрдгейма–Честера</kwd><kwd>однофотонная эмиссионная компьютерная томография</kwd><kwd>совмещенная с компьютерной томографией</kwd><kwd>позитронно-эмиссионная томография</kwd><kwd>совмещенная с компьютерной томографией</kwd><kwd>BRAF</kwd><kwd>редкий клинический случай</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Estrada-Veras J.I., O’Brien K.J., Boyd L.C. et al. The clinical spectrum of Erdheim–Chester disease: an observational cohort study. Blood Adv 2017;1(6):357–66. 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