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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Oncohematology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Oncohematology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Онкогематология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1818-8346</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-4023</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">337</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1818-8346-2019-14-1-76-82</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BASIC RESEARCH</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФУНДАМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ В ПРАКТИЧЕСКОЙ МЕДИЦИНЕ НА СОВРЕМЕННОМ ЭТАПЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Effect of <italic>CTLA4</italic> gene polymorphism on relapse probability among patients with acute leukemias after allogenic hematopoietic stem cells transplantation</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Влияние полиморфизма гена <italic>CTLA4</italic> на вероятность развития рецидива у больных острыми лейкозами после аллогенной трансплантации гемопоэтических стволовых клеток</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9423-1269</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Romaniuk</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романюк</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khmelevskaya</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хмелевская</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9431-8316</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Drokov</surname><given-names>M. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дроков</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0636-4991</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Popova</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попова</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilieva</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильева</surname><given-names>В. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6201-6276</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzmina</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузьмина</surname><given-names>Л. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7129-6062</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Efimov</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ефимов</surname><given-names>Г. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>efimov.g@blood.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Parovichnikova</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Паровичникова</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8188-5557</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Savchenko</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савченко</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Research Center for Hematology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр гематологии» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd, Moscow 125167</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Россия, 125167 Москва, Новый Зыковский проезд, 4</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2019-04-10" publication-format="electronic"><day>10</day><month>04</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>76</fpage><lpage>82</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2019-04-10"><day>10</day><month>04</month><year>2019</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2019-04-10"><day>10</day><month>04</month><year>2019</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://oncohematology.abvpress.ru/ongm/article/view/337">https://oncohematology.abvpress.ru/ongm/article/view/337</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold><italic>Background. </italic></bold><italic>Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is being widely applied as a therapy for hematological malignancies. The long-term outcome of allo-HSCT depends directly on the ability of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes to recognize and eliminate the residual tumor. CTLA-4 is one of the regulatory proteins that provide control over the development of the immune response. Polymorphisms in the CTLA4 gene can affect its function and the efficiency of the antitumor response. </italic><bold><italic>The objective: </italic></bold><italic>to study the effect of non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (nsSNP) c.49A&gt;G in the donor CTLA4 gene on tumor control in the recipient of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells (HSC).  </italic><bold><italic>Materials and methods. </italic></bold><italic>Donors of HSC were genotyped for nsSNP c.49A&gt;G in the CTLA4 gene by the real-time polymerase chain reaction using the allele-specific primers. Genotyping data was validated by Sanger’s sequencing of 22 randomly selected samples. The overall survival, the event-free survival and relapse probability were calculated using the Kaplan–Mayer method. A log-rank test was used to assess the statistical significance of group disparities. A p-value of 0.05 was considered as significant. </italic><bold><italic>Results. </italic></bold><italic>The frequencies of the CTLA4 gene c.49A&gt;G polymorphism alleles in the observed population (102 healthy donors of HSC) correspond to the frequencies obtained by the “1000 genomes” project for the European population. The effect of the donor CTLA4 polymorphism on the tumor control was evaluated on the cohort of patients with acute leukemia after human leukocyte antigen (HLA) matched HSCT from an unrelated donor. It was shown, the three-year relapse-free survival was significantly lower for those patients who received grafts from a donor with the homozygous A/A state of nsSNP c.49A&gt;G (p = 0.01), it was 12.7 % versus 62,8 % in group with c.49A&gt;G G/G and A/G donor genotypes. The incidence of relapse was also significantly different for the group with A/A genotype and for the group with G/G or A/G genotypes of the nsSNP and equaled to 83.7 and 29.3 % respectively (p = 0.03). </italic><bold><italic>Conclusion. </italic></bold><italic>Patients with acute leukemia, who underwent allo-HSCT from unrelated completely HLA-matched donors with c.49A&gt;G G/G or A/G genotypes have the significantly lower risk of relapse than patients whose donors had the A/A genotype. These results suggest practicability of the nsSNP genotyping for the optimal donor selection.</italic></p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold><italic>Введение. </italic></bold><italic>Аллогенная трансплантация гемопоэтических стволовых клеток (алло-ТГСК) в настоящее время широко используется в терапии онкогематологических заболеваний. Отдаленные результаты алло-ТГСК напрямую зависят от способности цитотоксических Т-лимфоцитов распознавать и элиминировать остаточные опухолевые клетки. CTLA-4 – один из регуляторных белков, обеспечивающий контроль над развитием иммунного ответа. Полиморфизмы в гене CTLA4 могут влиять на его функцию и, следовательно, на эффективность противоопухолевого ответа. </italic><bold><italic>Цель исследования </italic></bold><italic>– изучить роль несинонимического однонуклеотидного полиморфизма (нсОНП) c.49А&gt;G в гене CTLA4 донора в контроле над опухолью у реципиентов аллогенных гемопоэтических стволовых клеток (ГСК). </italic><bold><italic>Материалы и методы. </italic></bold><italic>Доноры ГСК были генотипированы по нсОНП c.49А&gt;G гена CTLA4 методом полимеразной цепной реакции в реальном времени с аллель-специфичными праймерами. Полученные данные проверяли секвенированием по Сэнгеру случайно выбранных 22 образцов ДНК. Общую и безрецидивную выживаемость, вероятность развития рецидива рассчитывали по методу Каплана–Майера. Для оценки различий между 2 группами использовали log-rank-тест. Значимым считали значение р &lt;0,05. </italic><bold><italic>Результаты. </italic></bold><italic>Частоты аллелей нсОНП c.49А&gt;G гена CTLA4 в изученной группе 102 доноров ГСК значимо не отличались от частот, полученных проектом «1000 геномов» для европейской популяции. Влияние полиморфизма CTLA4 у донора на контроль над опухолью оценено на когорте пациентов с острыми лейкозами после проведения им алло-ТГСК от неродственного донора, совместимого по аллелям человеческого лейкоцитарного антигена (human leukocyte antigen, HLA). Показано, что в группе пациентов, ставших реципиентами ГСК от доноров, у которых полиморфизм c.49A&gt;G находился в гомозиготном состоянии A/A, 3-летняя безрецидивная выживаемость была значимо ниже (р = 0,01) и составила 12,7 % против 62,8 % в группе с нсОНП G/G и A/G. Вероятность развития рецидива также значимо различалась для группы с A/A и группы с G/G и A/G вариантами c.49A&gt;G и составила 83,7 и 29,3 % соответственно (р = 0,03). </italic><bold><italic>Заключение. </italic></bold><italic>Пациенты с острыми лейкозами, ставшие реципиентами аллогенных неродственных полностью HLA-совместимых ГСК с генотипами G/G или A/G полиморфизма CTLA4 c.49А&gt;G, имеют значимо более низкий риск возникновения рецидива, чем пациенты, перенесшие трансплантацию от доноров с генотипом A/A. Это указывает на целесообразность генотипирования по данному полиморфизму для подбора оптимального донора.</italic></p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation</kwd><kwd>graft versus host disease</kwd><kwd>allele-specific polymerase chain reaction</kwd><kwd>nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphism</kwd><kwd>CTLA4</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аллогенная трансплантация гемопоэтических стволовых клеток</kwd><kwd>реакция «трансплантат против хозяина»</kwd><kwd>аллель-специфичная полимеразная цепная реакция в реальном времени</kwd><kwd>несинонимический однонуклеотидный полиморфизм</kwd><kwd>CTLA4</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">1. Kolb H.J. Graft-versus-leukemia effects of transplantation and donor lymphocytes. Blood 2008;112(12):4371–83. DOI: 10.1182/blood-2008-03-077974. 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