OncohematologyOncohematologyОнкогематология1818-83462413-4023Publishing House ABV Press22810.17650/1818-8346-2017-12-1-17-32HEMATOLOGIC MALIGNANCIES: DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT, SUPPORTIVE CAREГЕМОБЛАСТОЗЫ: ДИАГНОСТИКА, ЛЕЧЕНИЕ, СОПРОВОДИТЕЛЬНАЯ ТЕРАПИЯAdoptitive immunotherapy with genetically engineered T lymphocytes modified to express chimeric antigen receptorsАдоптивная иммунотерапия генетически модифицированными Т-лимфоцитами, экспрессирующими химерные антигенные рецепторыPavlovaA. А.ПавловаА. А.
Russian Federation

3 Nobel St., Moscow 143026, Russia;1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA;

Россия, 143026 Москва, ул. Нобеля, 3;США, 10065 Нью-Йорк, Йорк-авеню 1275;

MaschanM. А.МасчанМ. А.
Russian Federation

1 Samory Mashela Str., Moscow 117997, Russia

Лаборатория клеточного гемостаза и тромбозаРоссия, 117997 Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1

PonomarevV. B.ПономаревВ. Б.
United States

1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA;

10065 Нью-Йорк, Йорк-авеню 1275;

ponomarv@mskcc.orgSkolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo Innovation CenterСколковский институт науки и технологий, инновационный центр «Сколково»Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterМемориальный онкологический центр Слоун КеттерингNational Scientific and Practical Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunnology named after Dmitry Rogachev, Ministry of Health of RussiaФГБУ «Национальный научно-практический центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России2604201712117322604201726042017https://oncohematology.abvpress.ru/ongm/article/view/228

Significant mortality due to oncological diseases as a whole, and oncohematological diseases in particular, motivates scientific and medical community to develop new treatment methods. One of the newest methods is adoptive cell therapy using patient’s own T-cells modified to express chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) to tumor-specific antigens. Despite high cost and side effects of treatment, promising clinical trials even in patients with advanced disease allow to anticipate successful use of this method in clinical practice.The article includes a review of the main principles of this technique, published results of clinical studies of CAR T-cells with a focus on CD19 gene targeting, complications of this therapy, mechanisms of tumor resistance to CAR T-cells, and potential ways to overcome it.

Значительная смертность от онкологических заболеваний в целом и онкогематологических в частности побуждает научно-медицинское сообщество к разработке новых методов лечения. Одним из новейших методов является адоптивная клеточная терапия с использованием генетически-модифицированных Т-лимфоцитов больного, экспрессирующих химерные антигенные рецепторы (CAR) к специфическим опухолевым антигенам. Несмотря на высокую стоимость и наличие осложнений в применении, многообещающие клинические испытания у больных даже на поздних стадиях онкозаболеваний позволяют раcсчитывать на успешное внедрение этого метода в практику.В статье представлен обзор основных принципов данной технологии, опубликованных результатов клинических испытаний СAR T-клеток с акцентом на таргетирование антигена CD19, осложнений данной терапии, механизмов резистентности опухолей к действию CAR T-клеток и потенциальных путей ее преодоления.

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