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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Oncohematology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Oncohematology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Онкогематология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1818-8346</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-4023</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1086</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1818-8346-2026-21-2-39-52</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HEMATOLOGIC MALIGNANCIES: TREATMENT</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ГЕМОБЛАСТОЗОВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Current treatment options for relapsed and refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: literature review and clinical case</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Современные возможности терапии рецидивов и рефрактерных форм диффузной В-крупноклеточной лимфомы: обзор литературы и описание клинического случая</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7940-1555</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kodrul</surname><given-names>Elizaveta N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кодрул</surname><given-names>Елизавета Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>kodrul.liza@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2463-2024</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Volchenkov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волченков</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>kodrul.liza@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0728-4582</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Filatova</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Филатова</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>kodrul.liza@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3826-8386</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lomazov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ломазов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>kodrul.liza@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4221-4248</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Muravtseva</surname><given-names>A. L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Муравцева</surname><given-names>А. Л.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>kodrul.liza@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2898-9823</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ishmatova</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ишматова</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>kodrul.liza@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8457-0487</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zverkova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зверькова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>kodrul.liza@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0291-4928</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolupaev</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колупаев</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>kodrul.liza@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4176-6444</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Eliseeva</surname><given-names>A. O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Елисеева</surname><given-names>А. О.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>kodrul.liza@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1691-0549</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Elkhova</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Елхова</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>kodrul.liza@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4542-8353</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kramynin</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крамынин</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>kodrul.liza@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2174-9083</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolgotina</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колготина</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>kodrul.liza@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4305-6691</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Semiglazova</surname><given-names>T. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семиглазова</surname><given-names>Т. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>kodrul.liza@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9597-4593</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zyuzgin</surname><given-names>I. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зюзгин</surname><given-names>И. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>kodrul.liza@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Medical Research Center of Oncology named after N. N. Petrov, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н. Н. Петрова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">North-Western State Medical University named after I. I. Mechnikov, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И. И. Мечникова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-06-29" publication-format="electronic"><day>29</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>39</fpage><lpage>52</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-02-14"><day>14</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, ABV-press</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, АБВ-­пресс</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">ABV-press</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">АБВ-­пресс</copyright-holder><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://oncohematology.abvpress.ru/ongm/about/editorialPolicies</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://oncohematology.abvpress.ru/ongm/article/view/1086">https://oncohematology.abvpress.ru/ongm/article/view/1086</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common and aggressive non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Despite advances in therapy, including targeted therapy, 30–40 % of patients experience a primary refractory or relapsed disease with a poor prognosis.</p> <p>This publication presents a literature review of current approaches to treating patients with refractory and relapsed (r / r) DLBCL and a clinical case of a patient with r / r DLBCL using multiple lines of therapy, including CAR-T cell therapy (4SCAR70, anti-CD70) and bispecific antibodies (glofitamab). During glofitamab therapy, the patient developed loss of CD20 expression, which is one of the mechanisms of resistance to anti-CD20 targeted therapy and occurs in 34 % of patients with progression against bispecific antibodies. Loss of CD20 expression limits further use of anti-CD20 targeted therapy, including re-use of glofitamab and other CD20 / CD3 bispecific antibodies. Five courses of VIPOR followed by allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation were administered as salvage therapy. At the time of the most recent assessment, the achieved complete response with complete donor chimerism is maintained, and the patient is under dynamic observation for three years.</p> <p>There is currently no standard treatment strategy for patients with loss of CD20 expression after therapy with bispecific antibodies. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a potential therapeutic option for this category of patients. Alternative treatment strategies include the use of antibody conjugates directed at CD79b (polatuzumab vedotin) or CD19 (loncastuximab tesirin), a combination of lenalidomide and tafasitamab, as well as targeted agents depending on the lymphoma molecular subtype.</p> <p>This clinical case demonstrates the possibility of achieving a complete response in a patient with refractory and relapsed DLBCL following loss of CD20 expression during glofitamab therapy. Treatment of these patients requires a personalized approach based on prior therapies, disease status, expression of target antigens, and the availability of therapeutic options. Further research is needed to determine the optimal treatment sequence, develop strategies to overcome resistance, and identify alternative therapeutic targets.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Диффузная В-крупноклеточная лимфома (ДВКЛ) – наиболее распространенное и агрессивное заболевание в структуре неходжкинских лимфом. Несмотря на достижения в терапии, включая таргетную, у 30–40 % пациентов наблюдается первично-рефрактерное или рецидивирующее течение заболевания с неблагоприятным прогнозом.</p> <p>В настоящей статье представлены обзор литературы о современных подходах к лечению пациентов с рефрактерным и рецидивирующим (р / р) течением ДВКЛ, а также описание клинического случая пациента c р / р ДВКЛ с применением нескольких линий терапии, включая CAR-T-клеточную терапию (4SCAR70, анти-CD70) и биспецифические антитела (глофитамаб).</p> <p>На фоне терапии глофитамабом у пациента отмечена потеря экспрессии CD20, что является одним из механизмов резистентности к анти-CD20-терапии и встречается у 34 % пациентов при прогрессировании на фоне применения биспецифических антител. Потеря экспрессии CD20 ограничивает дальнейшее применение анти-CD20-терапии, включая повторное использование глофитамаба и других CD20 / CD3-биспецифических антител. В качестве терапии спасения проведено 5 курсов по схеме VIPOR с последующей аллогенной трансплантацией гемопоэтических стволовых клеток. На момент последнего обследования сохранялся полный ответ с полным донорским химеризмом; пациент находится под динамическим наблюдением в течение 3 лет.</p> <p>Стандартной тактики лечения пациентов с потерей экспрессии CD20 после терапии с применением биспецифических антител не существует. Аллогенная трансплантация гемопоэтических стволовых клеток – потенциальная терапевтическая опция для данной категории пациентов. Альтернативная тактика лечения включает применение конъюгатов антител, направленных на CD79b (полатузумаб ведотин) или CD19 (лонкастуксимаб тесирин), комбинации леналидомида и тафаситамаба, а также таргетных препаратов в зависимости от молекулярного подтипа лимфомы.</p> <p>В описанном клиническом случае продемонстрирована возможность достижения полного ответа у пациента с рефрактерным течением и рецидивами ДВКЛ после потери экспрессии CD20 на фоне терапии глофитамабом. Лечение таких пациентов требует персонализированного подхода с учетом предшествующих линий терапии, статуса заболевания, наличия экспрессии таргетных антигенов и доступности терапевтических опций. Необходимы дальнейшие исследования для определения оптимальной последовательности терапии и разработки стратегий преодоления резистентности, поиска альтернативных терапевтических мишеней.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>diffuse large B-cell lymphoma</kwd><kwd>refractory and relapsed disease</kwd><kwd>bispecific antibody</kwd><kwd>CAR-T</kwd><kwd>autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation</kwd><kwd>allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>диффузная В-крупноклеточная лимфома</kwd><kwd>рефрактерное и рецидивирующее течение</kwd><kwd>биспецифическое антитело</kwd><kwd>CAR-T</kwd><kwd>аутологичная трансплантация гемопоэтических стволовых клеток</kwd><kwd>аллогенная трансплантация гемопоэтических стволовых клеток</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Levashov A.S., Valiev T.T., Kovrigina A.M. et al. 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