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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Oncohematology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Oncohematology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Онкогематология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1818-8346</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-4023</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1013</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1818-8346-2025-20-1-139-145</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BASIC RESEARCH</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФУНДАМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ В ПРАКТИЧЕСКОЙ МЕДИЦИНЕ НА СОВРЕМЕННОМ ЭТАПЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Plasma cell clone immunophenotypic characteristics in patients with systemic AL-amyloidosis</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Иммунофенотипические характеристики плазматического клона у пациентов с системным AL-амилоидозом</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9235-7853</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kashchavtseva</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кащавцева</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nelly Aleksandrovna Kashchavtseva</p><p>125167; 4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd; Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нелли Александровна Кащавцева</p><p>125167; Новый Зыковский пр-д, 4; Москва</p></bio><email>kashchavtseva.n@blood.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5440-4340</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rekhtina</surname><given-names>I. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рехтина</surname><given-names>И. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>125167; 4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd; Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125167; Новый Зыковский пр-д, 4; Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8490-6066</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Galtseva</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гальцева</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>125167; 4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd; Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125167; Новый Зыковский пр-д, 4; Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6512-910X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kapranov</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Капранов</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>125167; 4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd; Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125167; Новый Зыковский пр-д, 4; Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4119-7175</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikiforova</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никифорова</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>125167; 4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd; Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125167; Новый Зыковский пр-д, 4; Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1613-652X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Obukhova</surname><given-names>T. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Обухова</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>125167; 4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd; Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125167; Новый Зыковский пр-д, 4; Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6288-7570</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulikov</surname><given-names>S. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куликов</surname><given-names>С. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>125167; 4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd; Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125167; Новый Зыковский пр-д, 4; Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0323-1493</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Surimova</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суримова</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>125167; 4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd; Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125167; Новый Зыковский пр-д, 4; Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4966-8146</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mendeleeva</surname><given-names>L. P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Менделеева</surname><given-names>Л. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>125167; 4 Novyy Zykovskiy Proezd; Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125167; Новый Зыковский пр-д, 4; Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр гематологии» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-03-19" publication-format="electronic"><day>19</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>139</fpage><lpage>145</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-03-21"><day>21</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-03-21"><day>21</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://oncohematology.abvpress.ru/ongm/article/view/1013">https://oncohematology.abvpress.ru/ongm/article/view/1013</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>   Immunophenotypic features of plasma cells (pC) in patients with systemic AL‑amyloidosis (AL‑A) are not fully characterized. The bone marrow of 113 patients with first diagnosed systemic AL‑A was studied by 10‑color flow cytofluorimetry. Three densities of differentiation antigen expression were distinguished: negative – less than 10 % of aberrant cells expressed antigen, partial – 10–90 % of cells expressed antigen, positive – more than 90 % of cells expressed antigen. Patients were divided into three groups. Group 1 included 76 patients with AL‑A and a PC count of less than 10 %. The second group consisted of 25 patients with a PC count greater than 10 % but without evidences of symptomatic multiple myeloma. The third group included 12 patients with a PC count greater than 10 % and symptomatic CRAb (AL‑A combined with multiple myeloma). 75 patients received first‑line therapy, including bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, and dexamethasone. When comparing the immunophenotype of aberrant PCs of each individual patient by means of a heat map, no complete match was found in any case, which confirms the uniqueness of clonal PC biology and their high heterogeneity. It was found that aberrant PCs lost expression of CD19 in 95.6 % of cases, CD45 in 78.6 % of patients, CD81 in 37.5 %, and CD27 in 36 %. CD20 was expressed in 7.7 % of patients, CD56 in 48.2 %, and CD117 in 36.8 %. A positive but low (dim) density of CD38 expression was detected in 45 % of patients. There were no statistically significant differences in the expression profile of CD19, CD20, CD27, CD38, CD45, CD56, CD117, CD138, CD200, and CD319 between the patient groups. The frequency of CD269 (bCMA) expression on pC varied depending on the size of the morphologic substrate. Partial expression of Cd269 (bCMA) was detected in 46.7 % of patients in group 1; 84.7 % in group 2 and 100 % in group 3 (p = 0.02). No positive, including high, Cd269 expression, was detected in any AL‑A patient in all three groups. A negative correlation of CD27 expression with the depth of hematologic response on therapy with bortezomib was established: in the absence of CD27 expression, a deep hematologic response was achieved in 87.5 % of cases, and with positive expression of this marker in only 35 % of patients (p = 0.02).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>   Иммунофенотипические особенности плазматических клеток (ПК) у пациентов с системным AL‑амилоидозом (AL‑A) недостаточно охарактеризованы. Методом 10‑цветной проточной цитофлуориметрии выполнено исследование костного мозга 113 пациентов с впервые диагностированным системным AL‑А. Выделяли 3 плотности экспрессии дифференцировочных антигенов: отрицательную – &lt; 10 % аберрантных клеток экспрессировали антиген; частичную – 10–90 % клеток; положительную – ≥ 90 %. Пациенты были разделены на 3 группы. В 1‑ю группу вошли 76 пациентов с AL‑A и числом ПК &lt; 10 %. Вторую группу составили 25 пациентов с числом ПК &gt;10 %, но без признаков симптоматической множественной миеломы. В 3‑ю группу включены 12 пациентов с числом ПК &gt;10 % и симптомокомплексом CRAb (AL‑A в сочетании с множественной миеломой). первую линию терапии по программе, включающей бортезомиб, циклофосфамид, дексаметазон, проводили 75 пациентам. При сопоставлении иммунофенотипа аберрантных ПК каждого пациента посредством тепловой карты не установлено полного совпадения ни в одном случае, что подтверждает уникальность биологии клональных ПК и их высокую гетерогенность. Установлено, что на аберрантных ПК в 95,6 % случаев утрачивалась экспрессия CD19; в 78,6 % – CD45; в 37,5 % – CD81; в 36 % – CD27. у 7,7 % пациентов экспрессировался CD20; у 48,2 % – CD56; у 36,8 % – СD117. У 45 % пациентов выявлена положительная, но низкая (dim) плотность экспрессии Cd38. Статистически значимых различий в профиле экспрессии CD19, CD20, CD27, CD38, CD45, CD56, CD117, CD138, CD200, CD319 между группами пациентов не выявлено. Частота экспрессии СD269 (bCMA) на ПК изменялась в зависимости от величины морфологического субстрата. Частичная экспрессия CD269 (ВСМА) выявлена у 46,7 % пациентов в 1‑й, у 84,7 % во 2‑й и у 100 % в 3‑й группе (p = 0,02). Положительной (в том числе высокой) экспрессии CD269 не выявлено ни у одного пациента с AL‑A во всех 3 группах. Установлена отрицательная взаимосвязь экспрессии CD27 и глубины гематологического ответа при терапии с бортезомибом: при отсутствии экспрессии Cd27 глубокий гематологический ответ достигнут в 87,5 % случаев, а при положительной экспрессии данного маркера – лишь у 35 % пациентов (p = 0,02).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>AL‑amyloidosis</kwd><kwd>plasma cells</kwd><kwd>immunophenotype</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>AL‑амилоидоз</kwd><kwd>плазматические клетки</kwd><kwd>иммунофенотип</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was performed without external funding</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проведено без спонсорской поддержки</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Muchtar E., Dispenzieri A., Kumar S.K. et al. 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