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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Oncohematology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Oncohematology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Онкогематология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1818-8346</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-4023</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1009</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1818-8346-2025-20-1-95-113</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RARE AND COMPLEX CLINICAL SITUATIONS: DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT CHOICE</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РЕДКИЕ И СЛОЖНЫЕ КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ СИТУАЦИИ: ДИАГНОСТИКА И ВЫБОР ТАКТИКИ ЛЕЧЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Primary and secondary myelofibrosis: ophthalmological manifestations at onset and during therapy</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Первичный, постполицитемический, посттромбоцитемический миелофиброз: офтальмологические проявления в дебюте и в процессе терапии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3669-0141</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vinogradova</surname><given-names>O. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Виноградова</surname><given-names>О. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>125284; 5 2<sup>nd</sup> Botkinskiy Proezd; 117198; 1 Samory Mashela St.; 117513; 1 Ostrovityanova St.; Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125284; 2-й Боткинский пр-д, 5, корп. 17; 117998; ул. Саморы Машела, 1; 117513; ул. Островитянова, 1; Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8077-5225</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Egoryan</surname><given-names>L. B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Егорян</surname><given-names>Л. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>125284; 5 2<sup>nd</sup> Botkinskiy Proezd; Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125284; 2-й Боткинский пр-д, 5, корп. 17; Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1384-1621</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shikhbabaeva</surname><given-names>D. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шихбабаева</surname><given-names>Д. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>125284; 5 2<sup>nd</sup> Botkinskiy Proezd; Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125284; 2-й Боткинский пр-д, 5, корп. 17; Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9524-7070</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Neverova</surname><given-names>A. L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Неверова</surname><given-names>А. Л.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna Leonidovna Neverova</p><p>125284; 5 2<sup>nd</sup> Botkinskiy Proezd; Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Леонидовна Неверова</p><p>125284; 2-й Боткинский пр-д, 5, корп. 17; Москва</p></bio><email>anyuta6549@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5658-9729</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pankrashkina</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панкрашкина</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>125284; 5 2<sup>nd</sup> Botkinskiy Proezd; Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125284; 2-й Боткинский пр-д, 5, корп. 17; Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5899-2714</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Moshetova</surname><given-names>L. K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мошетова</surname><given-names>Л. К.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>125993; Build. 1, 2 / 1 Barrikadnaya St.; Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125993; ул. Баррикадная, 2 / 1, стр. 1; Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Botkin Hospital, Moscow Healthcare Department</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ г. Москвы «Московский многопрофильный научно-клинический центр им. С. П. Боткина» Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н. И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-03-19" publication-format="electronic"><day>19</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>95</fpage><lpage>113</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-03-20"><day>20</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-03-20"><day>20</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://oncohematology.abvpress.ru/ongm/article/view/1009">https://oncohematology.abvpress.ru/ongm/article/view/1009</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>   Background. </bold>There is little information about ophthalmological manifestations of myelofibrosis (MF), their dependence on hematological, morphological, genetic parameters, and eye damage during therapy, and there are no publications on eye changes during targeted therapy.</p><p><bold>   Aim.</bold> To study the spectrum and frequency of ophthalmological manifestations of primary, post‑polycythemic, post‑thrombocythemic MF at the diagnosis and during therapy.</p><p><bold>   Materials and methods. </bold>A prospective single‑center controlled study included 128 people: 98 patients with primary, post‑polycythemic, post‑thrombocythemic MF in the chronic phase (17 at onset, 30 long‑term receiving hydroxycarbamide, 51 long‑term receiving ruxolitinib), observed at the botkin Hospital and 30 healthy participants of the control group. Ophthalmological and genetic studies were conducted.</p><p><bold>   Results. </bold>It has been established that ophthalmologic manifestations accompany MF already at the onset of the disease: significantly higher frequency of retinal angiopathy and angioretinopathy, decreased retinal sensitivity in the macular area, remodeling of the foveolar avascular zone (increased perimeter, decreased circumference index), low vascular and perfusion density of the retina, choroid and optic disc, decreased thickness of the subfoveolar choroid compared with the control group. Ruxolitinib MF therapy is safe for the visual organ according to the assessed parameters and has a positive therapeutic effect compared with MF onset and hydroxycarbamide therapy: such patients demonstrated smaller perimeter of the foveolar avascular zone, higher vascular and perfusion density of the retina, choroid and optic disc. There was a statistically significant association between an increased frequency of retinal angiopathy and angioritinopathy with a platelet count less than 100 × 10<sup>9</sup> / L, erythrocytes less than 3.7 × 10<sup>12</sup> / L, hemoglobin level less than 100 g / L, high degree of fibrosis (MF‑3), presence of the JAK2 v617F mutation; the increased frequency of angiopathy associated with the leukocyte count less than 4.0 × 10<sup>9</sup> / L and more than 9.0 × 109 / L, erythrocytes more than 5.1 × 10<sup>12</sup> / L, high risk according to DIPSS (Dynamic International Prognostic Scoring System). Vascular and perfusion density of the choriocapillary layer in patients at the onset of primary MF significantly correlated with the level of platelets and hemoglobin.</p><p><bold>   Conclusion.</bold> The conducted search for ophthalmological manifestations on a large cohort of MF patients at the onset and during therapy is largely innovative and requires further research, and also confirms the need to include a consultation with an ophthalmologist in the examination algorithm for MF patients.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>   Введение.</bold> Сведений об офтальмологических проявлениях миелофиброза (МФ), их зависимости от гематологических, морфологических, генетических показателей, поражении глаз в процессе лечения немного; публикации об изменениях глаз на фоне таргетной терапии отсутствуют.</p><p><bold>   Цель исследования</bold> – изучение спектра и частоты офтальмологических проявлений первичного, постполицитемического, посттромбоцитемического МФ при его диагностике и в процессе терапии.</p><p><bold>   Материалы и методы. </bold>В проспективное одноцентровое контролируемое исследование включены 128 человек: 98 пациентов с первичным, постполицитемическим, посттромбоцитемическим МФ в хронической фазе (17 – в дебюте; 30 – длительно получавших гидроксикарбамид; 51 – длительно получавших руксолитиниб), наблюдавшихся в ММНКЦ им. С. П. Боткина, и 30 здоровых участников контрольной группы. Проведены гематологическое, офтальмологическое, генетическое обследования.</p><p><bold>   Результаты. </bold>Установлено, что офтальмологические проявления сопровождают МФ уже в дебюте заболевания: статистически значимо более высокая по сравнению с контрольной группой частота ангиопатии сетчатки, ангиоретинопатии, снижения светочувствительности сетчатки в макулярной области, ремоделирования фовеолярной аваскулярной зоны (увеличение периметра, уменьшение индекса окружности), низких показателей сосудистой и перфузионной плотности сетчатки, хориоидеи и диска зрительного нерва, уменьшения толщины субфовеолярнойхориоидеи. Терапия МФ руксолитинибом по оцененным параметрам безопасна для органа зрения и имеет положительный терапевтический эффект в сравнении с дебютом МФ и терапией гидроксикарбамидом: меньше периметр фовеолярной аваскулярной зоны, выше показатели сосудистой и перфузионной плотности сетчатки, хориоидеи и диска зрительного нерва. Имеется статистически значимая связь увеличения частоты ангиопатии сетчатки и ангиоретинопатии с количеством тромбоцитов &lt; 100 × 10<sup>9</sup> / л, эритроцитов &lt; 3,7 × 10<sup>12</sup> / л, уровнем гемоглобина &lt; 100 г / л, высокой степенью фиброза, наличием мутации JAK2 v617F; увеличения частоты ангиопатии – с количеством лейкоцитов &lt; 4,0 и &gt;9,0 × 10<sup>9</sup> / л, эритроцитов &gt; 5,1 × 10<sup>12</sup> / л, высокой степенью риска по динамической международной шкале оценки прогноза (Dynamic International Prognostic Scoring System, DiPSS). У больных в дебюте первичного МФ показатели сосудистой и перфузионной плотности слоя хориокапилляров статистически значимо коррелируют с уровнем тромбоцитов и гемоглобина.</p><p><bold>   Заключение.</bold> Проведенный поиск поиска офтальмологических проявлений при МФ в дебюте и в процессе терапии на большой когорте пациентов во многом является новаторским и требует дальнейших исследований, полученные результаты подтверждают необходимость включения консультации врача‑офтальмолога в алгоритм обследованиябольных МФ.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>myeloproliferative neoplasm</kwd><kwd>myeloproliferative disease</kwd><kwd>myelofibrosis</kwd><kwd>JAK2 v617F</kwd><kwd>targeted therapy</kwd><kwd>ruxolitinib</kwd><kwd>ophthalmological manifestation</kwd><kwd>retinopathy</kwd><kwd>angioretinopathy</kwd><kwd>clinical practice</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>миелопролиферативное новообразование</kwd><kwd>миелопролиферативное заболевание</kwd><kwd>миелофиброз</kwd><kwd>JAK2 v617F</kwd><kwd>таргетная терапия</kwd><kwd>руксолитиниб</kwd><kwd>офтальмологическое проявление</kwd><kwd>ретинопатия</kwd><kwd>ангиоретинопатия</kwd><kwd>клиническая практика</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was performed without external funding</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проведено без спонсорской поддержки</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Khoury J.D., Solary E., Abla O. et al. 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