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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Oncohematology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Oncohematology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Онкогематология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1818-8346</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-4023</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1004</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1818-8346-2025-20-1-55-64</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>NEW DIRECTIONS, DIAGNOSTIC OPPORTUNITIES, AND TREATMENT ADVANCES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НОВЫЕ НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ, ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ ДИАГНОСТИКИ И УСПЕХИ ЛЕЧЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Targeted therapy of newly diagnosed <italic>FLT3</italic>-mutated acute myeloid leukemia. A single-center ambispective cohort study</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Таргетная терапия впервые выявленного острого миелоидного лейкоза с мутацией в гене <italic>FLT3</italic>. Результаты одноцентрового амбиспективного когортного исследования</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8009-9957</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pastukhov</surname><given-names>N. K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пастухов</surname><given-names>Н. К.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikita Konstantinovich Pastukhov</p><p>197022; 6–8 L’va Tolstogo St.; Saint Petersburg</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Никита Константинович Пастухов</p><p>197022; ул. Льва Толстого, 6–8; Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><email>pastukhov.hem@outlook.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2446-8092</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bondarenko</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бондаренко</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>197022; 6–8 L’va Tolstogo St.; Saint Petersburg</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197022; ул. Льва Толстого, 6–8; Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2814-7683</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnova</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнова</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>197022; 6–8 L’va Tolstogo St.; Saint Petersburg</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197022; ул. Льва Толстого, 6–8; Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7762-0107</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vlasova</surname><given-names>Yu. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Власова</surname><given-names>Ю. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>197022; 6–8 L’va Tolstogo St.; Saint Petersburg</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197022; ул. Льва Толстого, 6–8; Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6715-0340</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhogolev</surname><given-names>D. K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жоголев</surname><given-names>Д. К.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>197022; 6–8 L’va Tolstogo St.; Saint Petersburg</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197022; ул. Льва Толстого, 6–8; Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4015-6563</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ayubova</surname><given-names>B. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аюбова</surname><given-names>Б. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>197022; 6–8 L’va Tolstogo St.; Saint Petersburg</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197022; ул. Льва Толстого, 6–8; Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5604-0666</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Smykova</surname><given-names>O. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смыкова</surname><given-names>О. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>197022; 6–8 L’va Tolstogo St.; Saint Petersburg</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197022; ул. Льва Толстого, 6–8; Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6161-1444</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Volkov</surname><given-names>N. P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волков</surname><given-names>Н. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>197022; 6–8 L’va Tolstogo St.; Saint Petersburg</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197022; ул. Льва Толстого, 6–8; Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4332-0114</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Moiseev</surname><given-names>I. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Моисеев</surname><given-names>И. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>197022; 6–8 L’va Tolstogo St.; Saint Petersburg</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197022; ул. Льва Толстого, 6–8; Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9589-4136</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulagin</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кулагин</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>197022; 6–8 L’va Tolstogo St.; Saint Petersburg</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197022; ул. Льва Толстого, 6–8; Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Raisa Gorbacheva Memorial Research Institute for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Transplantation, I. P. Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">НИИ детской онкологии, гематологии и трансплантологии им. Р. М. Горбачевой ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И. П. Павлова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-03-19" publication-format="electronic"><day>19</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>55</fpage><lpage>64</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-03-20"><day>20</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-03-20"><day>20</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://oncohematology.abvpress.ru/ongm/article/view/1004">https://oncohematology.abvpress.ru/ongm/article/view/1004</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>   Background. </bold>FMS‑like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) gene mutations are the most frequently detected genetic aberrations in adult patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML), identified in approximately 30 % of patients. The addition of midostaurin, an FLT3 tyrosine kinase inhibitor, to standard therapy and after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‑HSCT) improves overall (OS) and event‑free survival (EFS).</p><p><bold>   Aim. </bold>To evaluate the effect of adding midostaurin to standard therapy in adult patients with FLT3‑mutated AML. To evaluate the impact of allo‑HSCT performed in first complete remission on the survival of patients treated in combination with midostaurin.</p><p><bold>   Materials and methods. </bold>The study enrolled 276 patients with newly diagnosed AML with FLT3 mutation. 153 of them received combination therapy with midostaurin, 123 – first‑line therapy without FLT3 inhibitors. In the combination therapy group allo‑HSCT in first complete remission was performed in 35 (22.9 %) patients.</p><p><bold>   Results. </bold>The response rate was higher in the combination therapy group and was 84 % versus 66 % in the control group (p &lt; 0.01). with a median follow‑up of 19 (2–130) months, the median OS was not achieved in both groups. The 18‑month OS was 60 % (95 % confidence interval (CI) 50–69) in the midostaurin group and 53 % (95 % CI 43–61) without it (p = 0.12). Median EFS was 11.6 months (95 % CI 9.1–13.8) and 6.7 months (95 % CI 4.2–10.2) respectively (p = 0.046). The 18‑month EFS was 33 % (95 % CI 24–42) and 31 % (95 % CI 23–40). In multivariate analysis, factors associated with worse EFS were older age and FLT3 internal tandem duplication. Age, leukocytosis at the time of diagnosis, and the presence of unfavorable cytogenetic abnormalities had a negative effect on EFS. Midostaurin therapy was associated with EFS improvement. In a landmark analysis with a 6‑month time point, OS was 89 % (95 % CI 69–96) in the allo‑HSCT group versus 38 % without it (95 % CI 20–55) (p = 0.002). EFS was 75 % (95 % CI 50–88) and 13 % (95 % CI 5–26), respectively (p &lt;0.001).</p><p><bold>   Conclusion. </bold>The addition of midostaurin to standard treatment contributes to an increased response rate and improved survival in patients with FLT3‑mutated AML. Allo‑HSCT in first complete remission remains the preferred option for remission consolidation in patients treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>   Введение.</bold> У взрослых пациентов с впервые выявленным острым миелоидным лейкозом (ОМЛ) мутации в гене FMS‑подобной тирозинкиназы 3 (FLT3) являются наиболее распространенными генетическими аберрациями, которые обнаруживаются примерно в 30 % случаев. Добавление ингибитора FLT3 мидостаурина к стандартной терапии, а также после аллогенной трансплантации гемопоэтических стволовых клеток (алло‑ТГСК) позволяет увеличить общую (ОВ) и бессобытийную выживаемость (БСВ).</p><p><bold>   Цель исследования</bold> – оценить влияние добавления мидостаурина к стандартной терапии взрослых пациентов с ОМЛ с мутацией в гене FLT3, а также влияние алло‑ТГСК, выполненной в 1‑й полной ремиссии, на выживаемость больных, получавших лечение в комбинации с мидостаурином.</p><p> <bold>  Материалы и методы.</bold> В исследование включены 276 пациентов с впервые выявленным ОМЛ с мутацией FLT3. Из них 153 получали комбинированную терапию с мидостаурином, 123 – терапию 1‑й линии без ингибиторов FLT3. В группе комбинированной терапии алло‑ТГСК в 1‑й полной ремиссии выполнена 35 (22,9 %) пациентам.</p><p><bold>   Результаты. </bold>Частота достижения ремиссии была выше в группе комбинированной терапии и составила 84 % против 66 % в контрольной группе (p &lt; 0,01). При медиане наблюдения 19 (2–130) мес медиана ОВ не достигнута в обеих группах. ОВ 18 мес составила 60 % (95 % доверительный интервал (дИ) 50–69) в группе мидостаурина и 53 % (95 % ДИ 43–61) в группе без него (p = 0,12). Медиана БСВ составила 11,6 мес (95 % дИ 9,1–13,8) и 6,7 мес (95 % ДИ 4,2–10,2) соответственно (p = 0,046). БСВ 18 мес составила 33 % (95 % ДИ 24–42) и 31 % (95 % дИ 23–40). При многофакторном анализе факторами, ассоциированными с уменьшением ОВ, были старший возраст и внутренняя тандемная дупликация FLT3. Отрицательное влияние на БСВ оказывали возраст, лейкоцитоз в дебюте заболевания, наличие неблагоприятных цитогенетических аномалий. Терапия мидостаурином была ассоциирована с увеличением БСВ. При проведении ландмарк‑анализа с временной точкой 6 мес ОВ составила 89 % (95 % ДИ 69–96) в группе алло‑ТГСк против 38 % в группе без нее (95 % ДИ 20–55) (p = 0,002); БСВ – 75 % (95 % ДИ 50–88) и 13 % (95 % ДИ5–26) соответственно (p &lt;0,001).</p><p><bold>   Заключение. </bold>Добавление мидостаурина к стандартному лечению способствует увеличению частоты ответа и выживаемости пациентов с ОМЛ с мутацией в гене FLT3. Алло‑ТГСК в 1‑й полной ремиссии остается предпочтительным вариантом консолидации ремиссии у пациентов при использовании тирозинкиназных ингибиторов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>acute myeloid leukemia</kwd><kwd><italic>FLT3</italic> mutation</kwd><kwd>targeted therapy</kwd><kwd>midostaurin</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>острый миелоидный лейкоз</kwd><kwd>мутация <italic>FLT3</italic></kwd><kwd>таргетная терапия</kwd><kwd>мидостаурин</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was performed without external funding</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проведено без спонсорской поддержки</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Ley T.J., Mardis E.R., Ding L. et al. DNA sequencing of a cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukaemia genome. Nature 2008;456(7218):66–72. 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